Anti- Cholesterol Drugs Flashcards
Name 4 types of Anti-Cholesterol Drugs
Statins
Fibrates
Bile acid Binding Resins
Ezetimibe
Name 2 statins
Simvastatin
Atorvastatin
Name 2 fibrates
Bezafibrate
Gemfibrozil
Name 3 Bile acid Binding Resins
Colestyramine
Colestipol
Colesevelam
Name an Ezetimibe
Ezetimibe
What is the mechanism of statins
Block HMG-CoA reductase (competitive inhibitors) – Reduction of LDL production in Liver
Surface expression of the LDL receptors increases → increased clearance of LDL in the liver.
↓ inflammation, reversal of endothelial dysfunction, ↓ thrombosis, stabilisation of atherosclerotic plaques
What is the mechanism of fibrates
↓ triglyceride levels, and slight ↓ LDL & HDL by ↓ liver’s production of the particle carrying them in blood, and by ↑ rate of triglyceride removal
↑ Transcription of gene encoding LPL.
What conditions are statins used for
Hypercholesterolaemia Diabetes Angina/MI CVA/TIA High risk of MA & CVA
What conditions are fibrates used for
Low HDL cholesterol
Hypertriglyceridaemia – first line treatment
What are the side effects of statins
Myopathy
Rhabdomyolysis renal failure
Should not be prescribed to pregnant → cholesterol needed for foetus development
What are the side effects of fibrates
May cause myositis – advised combining with statins.
When can statins not be used
Ineffective in Homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia, where LDL receptors are lacking
What is the mechanism of bile acid binding resins
Cause the excretion of bile salts resulting in more cholesterol to be converted to bile salts by interrupting enterohepatic recycling
↓ absorption pf triglycerides, ↑ LDL receptor expression
What are the side effects of bile acid binding resins
G.I. tract irritation
