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Anthropology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main subfields of anthropology?

A

Cultural anthropology, archaeology, biological anthropology, linguistic anthropology

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2
Q

Who is known as the ‘father of American anthropology’?

A

Franz Boas

Known for cultural relativism and historical particularism.

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3
Q

What method did Bronisław Malinowski develop in ethnography?

A

Participant observation

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4
Q

Which anthropologist pioneered studies of gender roles in Samoa?

A

Margaret Mead

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5
Q

What is Claude Lévi-Strauss known for?

A

Structuralism, analyzing myths and kinship structures

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6
Q

What hypothesis did Edward Sapir contribute to?

A

Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

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7
Q

What did Ruth Benedict study?

A

Patterns of culture and national character

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8
Q

Who developed interpretive anthropology and ‘thick description’?

A

Clifford Geertz

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9
Q

What is Victor Turner known for studying?

A

Rituals, symbols, and liminality

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10
Q

What concepts did Pierre Bourdieu introduce?

A

Habitus, capital, and field

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11
Q

What area did Marshall Sahlins analyze?

A

Economic anthropology and the structure of human history

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12
Q

Who led the New Archaeology movement?

A

Lewis Binford

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13
Q

What focus characterizes Ian Hodder’s post-processual archaeology?

A

Human agency

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14
Q

What significant archaeological site did Kathleen Kenyon excavate?

A

Jericho

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15
Q

What did Gordon Willey study in archaeology?

A

Settlement patterns and Mesoamerican archaeology

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16
Q

Who revolutionized primatology with studies on chimpanzees?

A

Jane Goodall

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17
Q

What did Louis Leakey discover?

A

Early hominin fossils in Africa

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18
Q

What aspect of evolutionary anthropology did Sarah Hrdy study?

A

Motherhood

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19
Q

What hypothesis did Richard Wrangham propose?

A

The cooking hypothesis in human evolution

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20
Q

Who developed the ethnography of communication?

A

Dell Hymes

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21
Q

What field is Nancy Scheper-Hughes known for?

A

Medical anthropology and studies on violence

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22
Q

True or False: Anthropology only focuses on cultural aspects of human societies.

A

False

Anthropology encompasses cultural, biological, archaeological, and linguistic aspects.

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23
Q

Who is known for the work ‘Coming of Age in Samoa’?

A

Margaret Mead

This work examines the lives of adolescent girls in Samoa.

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24
Q

Which anthropologist is associated with structuralism?

A

Claude Levi-Strauss

Levi-Strauss is known for his theories on culture and social structures.

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25
Who is considered the father of American anthropology?
Franz Boas ## Footnote Boas emphasized cultural relativism and historical particularism.
26
What is Bronislaw Malinowski famous for?
Argonauts of the Western Pacific ## Footnote This work is a foundational text in ethnographic fieldwork.
27
Which anthropologist is known for the concept of cultural relativism?
Ruth Benedict ## Footnote She highlighted the importance of understanding cultures on their own terms.
28
Who wrote 'The Chrysanthemum and the Sword'?
Ruth Benedict ## Footnote This book analyzes Japanese culture during World War II.
29
What does the term 'potlatch' refer to?
A ceremonial feast among Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest ## Footnote It involves gift-giving and social status demonstration.
30
What concept is associated with Lewis Henry Morgan?
Kinship ## Footnote Morgan's work focused on the social structure and kinship systems of Native American societies.
31
Who is known for the study of the Kula ring?
Bronislaw Malinowski ## Footnote This study involves the exchange of ceremonial gifts among the Trobriand Islanders.
32
Fill in the blank: _______ is a key concept in anthropology that refers to the study of cultures.
Ethnography ## Footnote Ethnography involves immersive observation and participation in the daily lives of people.
33
True or False: Clifford Geertz is known for his interpretive approach to cultural anthropology.
True ## Footnote Geertz emphasized the importance of understanding symbols and meanings in culture.
34
What is the significance of Olduvai Gorge in anthropology?
It is a site famous for its archaeological findings related to early human ancestors ## Footnote Olduvai Gorge has provided critical information on human evolution.
35
Who conducted significant fieldwork among the Trobriand Islanders?
Bronislaw Malinowski ## Footnote His work laid the foundation for modern participant observation in anthropology.
36
Which anthropologist studied the concept of violence in cultural contexts?
David Graeber ## Footnote Graeber explored how different cultures perceive and enact violence.
37
Fill in the blank: The study of _______ focuses on the relationships between individuals within a culture.
Kinship ## Footnote Kinship studies examine familial and social ties in various societies.
38
What is the primary focus of the work 'Patterns of Culture'?
Exploration of cultural configurations and their meanings ## Footnote Written by Ruth Benedict, it analyzes different cultures' value systems.
39
Who is known for the phrase 'the savage mind'?
Claude Lévi-Strauss ## Footnote This phrase refers to the way indigenous peoples think and organize their world.
40
Which anthropologist is associated with the term 'cultural relativism'?
Franz Boas ## Footnote Boas advocated understanding cultures without ethnocentric bias.
41
Fill in the blank: _______ is a term used to describe the exchange of gifts and resources to establish social relationships.
Gifts ## Footnote Gift exchange is a fundamental aspect of many cultures, often serving social and economic purposes.
42
Who studied the concept of marriage in different cultures?
Derek Freeman ## Footnote Freeman's work often critiqued earlier anthropological perspectives on marriage.
43
What is the focus of 'The Mind of Primitive Man'?
Understanding the psychology of so-called primitive societies ## Footnote Written by Franz Boas, it challenges stereotypes of non-Western cultures.
44
Who is known for their work with chimpanzees and is a prominent figure in primatology?
Jane Goodall ## Footnote Goodall's research has significantly influenced our understanding of primate behavior.
45
Fill in the blank: The study of _______ involves understanding how societies construct meanings and practices around gender.
Marriage ## Footnote Marriage practices vary widely across cultures, reflecting diverse social norms.
46
Who is known for the work 'Coming of Age in Samoa'?
Margaret Mead ## Footnote This work examines the lives of adolescent girls in Samoa.
47
Which anthropologist is associated with structuralism?
Claude Levi-Strauss ## Footnote Levi-Strauss is known for his theories on culture and social structures.
48
Who is considered the father of American anthropology?
Franz Boas ## Footnote Boas emphasized cultural relativism and historical particularism.
49
What is Bronislaw Malinowski famous for?
Argonauts of the Western Pacific ## Footnote This work is a foundational text in ethnographic fieldwork.
50
Which anthropologist is known for the concept of cultural relativism?
Ruth Benedict ## Footnote She highlighted the importance of understanding cultures on their own terms.
51
Who wrote 'The Chrysanthemum and the Sword'?
Ruth Benedict ## Footnote This book analyzes Japanese culture during World War II.
52
What does the term 'potlatch' refer to?
A ceremonial feast among Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest ## Footnote It involves gift-giving and social status demonstration.
53
What concept is associated with Lewis Henry Morgan?
Kinship ## Footnote Morgan's work focused on the social structure and kinship systems of Native American societies.
54
Who is known for the study of the Kula ring?
Bronislaw Malinowski ## Footnote This study involves the exchange of ceremonial gifts among the Trobriand Islanders.
55
Fill in the blank: _______ is a key concept in anthropology that refers to the study of cultures.
Ethnography ## Footnote Ethnography involves immersive observation and participation in the daily lives of people.
56
True or False: Clifford Geertz is known for his interpretive approach to cultural anthropology.
True ## Footnote Geertz emphasized the importance of understanding symbols and meanings in culture.
57
What is the significance of Olduvai Gorge in anthropology?
It is a site famous for its archaeological findings related to early human ancestors ## Footnote Olduvai Gorge has provided critical information on human evolution.
58
Who conducted significant fieldwork among the Trobriand Islanders?
Bronislaw Malinowski ## Footnote His work laid the foundation for modern participant observation in anthropology.
59
Which anthropologist studied the concept of violence in cultural contexts?
David Graeber ## Footnote Graeber explored how different cultures perceive and enact violence.
60
Fill in the blank: The study of _______ focuses on the relationships between individuals within a culture.
Kinship ## Footnote Kinship studies examine familial and social ties in various societies.
61
What is the primary focus of the work 'Patterns of Culture'?
Exploration of cultural configurations and their meanings ## Footnote Written by Ruth Benedict, it analyzes different cultures' value systems.
62
Who is known for the phrase 'the savage mind'?
Claude Lévi-Strauss ## Footnote This phrase refers to the way indigenous peoples think and organize their world.
63
Which anthropologist is associated with the term 'cultural relativism'?
Franz Boas ## Footnote Boas advocated understanding cultures without ethnocentric bias.
64
Fill in the blank: _______ is a term used to describe the exchange of gifts and resources to establish social relationships.
Gifts ## Footnote Gift exchange is a fundamental aspect of many cultures, often serving social and economic purposes.
65
Who studied the concept of marriage in different cultures?
Derek Freeman ## Footnote Freeman's work often critiqued earlier anthropological perspectives on marriage.
66
What is the focus of 'The Mind of Primitive Man'?
Understanding the psychology of so-called primitive societies ## Footnote Written by Franz Boas, it challenges stereotypes of non-Western cultures.
67
Who is known for their work with chimpanzees and is a prominent figure in primatology?
Jane Goodall ## Footnote Goodall's research has significantly influenced our understanding of primate behavior.
68
Fill in the blank: The study of _______ involves understanding how societies construct meanings and practices around gender.
Marriage ## Footnote Marriage practices vary widely across cultures, reflecting diverse social norms.

Sam's Social Studies (5 decks)

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