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Block 2 > Anterolateral Abdominal Wall and Inguinal Canal > Flashcards

Anterolateral Abdominal Wall and Inguinal Canal Flashcards

1
Q

bones of the abdomen

A

lumbars, os coxa (illiac crest and illiac spine)

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2
Q

bones of the os coxa

A

ilium, pubis, ischium

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3
Q

Regions of the abdomen

A

midclavicular plane, subcostal plane, transtubercular plane

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4
Q

midclavicular plane

A

midpoint of the clavicles to the mid inguinal point

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5
Q

subcostal plane

A

across inferior border of 10th costal cartilage

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6
Q

transtubercular plane

A

passes through the iliac tubercles on each side and across the body of L5

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7
Q

quadrants of the abdomen

A

median plane, transumbillical plane, umbillicus

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8
Q

median plane

A

longitudinal line that separates the body into right and left halves

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9
Q

transumbilical plane

A

transverse line that passes through the umbilicus - which is approximately between L3 and L4

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10
Q

umbilicus

A

circle around the belly button

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11
Q

superficial landmark of the appendix, what and where

A

McBurney’s Point: located about 2/3 between the umbilicus and ASIS

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12
Q

2 layers of superficial fascia in the abdominal wall

A

Camper’s and Scarpa’s fascia

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13
Q

camper’s fascia

A

more superficial, fatty layer

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14
Q

scarpa’s fascia

A

deep to camper’s fascia, more membranous layer

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15
Q

the truly anterior muscle of the abdomen

A

rectus abdominus

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16
Q

the three lateral (flank) muscles of the abdomen

A

external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominus

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17
Q

innervation of the four abdominal muscles

A

segmental; ventral rami of T6-T12, L1

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18
Q

action of all four abdominal muscles

A

compress and support abdominal viscera

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19
Q

what muscles are responsible for flexing and rotating the trunk

A

external and internal obliques

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20
Q

what muscle is responsible for stabilizing and controlling the tilt of the pelvis, and flexing the trunk

A

rectus abdominus

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21
Q

ipsilateral contraction

A

contraction of external and internal obliques on same side to create lateral trunk flexion, bends towards contracted side

22
Q

contralateral contraction

A

contraction of external oblique on one side and internal oblique on opposite side to create trunk torsion, twists towards the side of contracted internal oblique

23
Q

rectus sheath is formed by

A

the crossing of the aponeuroses of the external and internal obliques as well as the transversus abdominus

24
Q

what is contained in the rectus sheath

A

rectus abdominus, superior and inferior epigastric a.v., lymphatic vessels, distal portions of thoracoabdominal nerves

25
Q

arcuate line

A

point where rectus abdominus travels with rectus sheath

26
Q

above the umbilicus, the network is drained into the _____ via the _____

A

axillary vein, lateral thoracic vein

27
Q

below the umbilicus, the network drains into the _____ via the _____

A

femoral vein, superficial epigastric vein

28
Q

paraumbilical vein

A

forms a portal-systemic venous anastomosis

29
Q

blood supply of three flank muscles

A

intercostal and lumbar artery

30
Q

blood supply to rectus abdominus

A

superior and inferior epigastric

31
Q

the lateral fold covers

A

the inferior epigastric artery and vein

32
Q

the medial fold covers

A

the umbillical artery

33
Q

the median fold covers

A

the urachus

34
Q

superficial lymphatic drainage above the umbilicus

A

anterior axillary lymph nodes

35
Q

superficial lymphatic drainage below the umbilicus

A

superficial inguinal lymph nodes

36
Q

subcostal nerve

A

motor innervation to 3 flank muscles, spinal level T12, sensory innervation to skin above iliac crest and below belly button

37
Q

iliohypogastric nerve

A

spinal level L1, internal oblique and transversus abdominus, sensory from iliac crest to inguinal ligament

38
Q

ilioinguinal nerve

A

spinal level L1, motor innervation for internal oblique and transversus abdominus, sensory innervation

39
Q

genitofemoral nerve

A

spinal level L1-L2, genital and femoral branch

40
Q

inguinal canal

A

allows for passage of the spermatic cord or round ligament of uterus

41
Q

deep inguinal ring

A

internal entrance of inguinal canal in the transversalis fascia

42
Q

superficial inguinal ring

A

exit of the inguinal canal in the aponeurosis of the external abdominal oblique

43
Q

posterior wall of the inguinal canal

A

transversalis fascia

44
Q

anterior wall of the inguinal canal

A

aponeurosis of the external abdominal oblique

45
Q

roof of the inguinal canal

A

arching fibers of the internal abdominal oblique and transversus abdominus muscles

46
Q

floor of the inguinal canal

A

inguinal ligament and lacunar ligaments

47
Q

condition classified as the accumulation of serous fluid in the tunica vaginalis

A

hydrocele

48
Q

inguinal (hesselbach’s) triangle

A

where direct inguinal hernias go after passing abdominal wall

49
Q

borders of the inguinal triangle

A

medial: recuts abdominis, lateral: inferior epigastric a.v., Inferior: inguinal ligament

50
Q

condition characterized by intestine exiting the abdominal cavity lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels via the deep inguinal ring

A

indirect (congenital) inguinal hernia

51
Q

condition characterized by the intestines exiting the abdominal cavity medial to inferior epigastric vessels (inguinal triangle) - goes directly through the abdominal wall

A

direct (acquired) inguinal hernia

Block 2 (8 decks)

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