Abdomen: Midgut, Hindgut, and ANS

Question 1

foregut barriers

Answer 1

esophagus to first half of duodenum

Question 2

midgut barriers

Answer 2

second half of duodenum to proximal 2/3rds of transverse colon

Question 3

hindgut barriers

Answer 3

distal 1/3 colon to superior anal canal

Question 4

what is the past of the GI tract

Answer 4

esophagus –> stomach –> duodenum –> jejunum –> ileum –> cecum –> ascending colon –> transverse colon –> descending colon –> sigmoid colon –> rectum

Question 5

fewer rows of arterial arcades, longer vasa rectae

Answer 5

jejunum

Question 6

more rows of arterial arcades, short vasa rectae

Answer 6

ileum

Question 7

the muscular outpouching of the cecum

Answer 7

vermiform appendix

Question 8

congenital condition in which the visceral organs are reversed

Answer 8

situs inversus

Question 9

blood supply of the foregut

Answer 9

celiac trunk

Question 10

blood supply of midgut

Answer 10

superior mesenteric artery

Question 11

blood supply of the hind gut

Answer 11

inferior mesenteric artery

Question 12

branches of the superior mesenteric artery

Answer 12

inferior pancreaticoduodenal
jejunal
ileal
ileocolic
right colic
middle colic

Question 13

ileocolic artery branches

Answer 13

colic and ileal branch (ileal branches to appendicular, anterior cecal, and posterior cecal branch)

Question 14

SMA Syndrome

Answer 14

when duodenum is compressed between SMA and Aorta

Question 15

Nutcracker syndrome

Answer 15

vascular compression of left renal vein

Question 16

the inferior mesenteric artery anastomoses with the _____

Answer 16

marginal artery

Question 17

branches of the inferior mesenteric artery

Answer 17

left colic, sigmoid, superior rectal

Question 18

the marginal artery connects the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries via the _____ and _____ arteries

Answer 18

middle and left colic arteries

Question 19

the parasympathetic neurons of the abdomen pass through the plexus and synapse where?

Answer 19

on the wall of affector organ

Question 20

where do the sympathetic neurons of the abdomen synapse? What is the exception?

Answer 20

the associated plexus, the exception is the least splanchnic nerve which synapses at the suprarenal gland

Question 21

postganglionic cell body of the foregut

Answer 21

celiac ganglion

Question 22

postgangionic cell body of the midgut

Answer 22

superior mesenteric ganglion

Question 23

postganglionic cell body of the hindgut

Answer 23

inferior mesenteric ganglion

Question 24

innervation that decreases digestive activity

Answer 24

sympathetic

Question 25

postganglionic cell bodies for the kidneys

Answer 25

aorticorenal ganglion

Question 26

sympathetic nerve of foregut

Answer 26

greater splanchnic (T5-9)

Question 27

sympathetic nerve of the mid gut and kidney

Answer 27

lesser and least splanchnic n (T10-12)

Question 28

sympathetic innervation of hindgut

Answer 28

lumbar splanchnic nerve (L1-2)

Question 29

parasympathetic innervation of the foregut and midgut

Answer 29

vagus nerve

Question 30

parasympathetic innervation of hindgut

Answer 30

pelvic splanchnic n (S2-S4)

Question 31

the enteric nervous system is a network of nerves within the _____ that control ______

Answer 31

within the intestine walls that control the motor and mucus outflow of the GI tract

Question 32

provides sharp and localized pain in the peritoneum and abdominal wall

Answer 32

general somatic afferent

Question 33

provides dull and poorly localized pain to organs and visceral peritoneum

Answer 33

general visceral afferent

Question 34

pain in the epigastric region is associated with...

Answer 34

foregut structures

Question 35

pain in the umbilical region is associated with

Answer 35

midgut structures

Question 36

pain in the pubic region is associated with

Answer 36

hindgut structures