Anterior Triangle and Root of Neck Flashcards
Sternocleidomastoid receive (SA/GE/GA/VE/VA) from CN ___
GE, spinal accessory CN XI
The anterior and posterior triangles of the neck are divided by
sternocleidomastoid
Which muscles are associated with the anterior triangle of the neck?
muscles associated with the hyoid bone (suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles)
Thyroid and parathyroid glands are located where in the neck?
Anterior triangle
larynx and trachea are located where in the neck?
Anterior triangle
Esophagus is located where in the neck?
anterior triangle
external jugular vein and spinal accessory nerve are located where in the neck?
Lateral (posterior) triangle
Elevation and depression of the hyoid bone is crucial for what function?
swallowing
A: raise the hyoid bone and/or depress the mandible
suprahyoid muscles
Which hyoid muscle depresses the hyoid bone?
infrahyoid muscle
What muscle do these belong to?
omohyoid, thyrohyoid, sternothyroid, and sternohyoid?
infrahyoid
The superior belly of the omohyoid muscle is in the ___ triangle, and the inferior belly is in the ___ triangle of the neck
anterior, posterior
CN: omohyoid
ansa cervicalis
A: of omohyoid
depresses the hyoid bone
CN: Sternohyoid muscle
ansa cervicalis
A: Sternohyoid muscle
depresses the hyoid bone
CN: Thyrohyoid
C1 that hitchhikes along the hypoglossal nerve (XIII)
A: Thyrohyoid
depresses the hyoid bone
CN: Sternothyroid
ansa cervicalis
A: Sternothyroid
depresses hyoid bone
A: mylohyoid
pulls hyoid anteriorly
These muscles are innervated by Ansa cervicalis
omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
These muscles are innervated by V3
Mylohyoid
Digastric - anterior belly
These muscles elevated hyoid and depress the mandbile
2 digastrict muscles
Stylohyoid
These muscles depress the hyoid
omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Thyrohyoid
The thyrohyoid and sternothyroid muscles also act on what structure?
larynx
All infrahyoid muscles receive (GA/GE) from _____
GE, C1 that hitchhike on the hypoglossal nerve (XII)
Where are these structures located? esophagus Trachea Superior parts of the lungs Sternocleidomastoid Trapezius Subclavian artery Internal and external jugular veins
Root of the neck
Branches of the subclavian artery (vertebral) are located where in the neck?
root of the neck
Where are the internal jugular and external jugular veins located?
Root of the neck
Where are these structures located in the neck? Phrenic nerve vagus nerve Cervical parts of the sympathetic chain Brachial plexus
Root of the neck
Skin of the neck is innervated by what type of fibers?
General afferent
Muscles of the neck are innervated by what type of fibers?
General efferent
Glands and blood vessels of the neck are innervated by what type of fibers?
Visceral efferent
Cervical plexus is formed by the ____ rami of the first # cervical nerves
ventral, 4
The cervical plexus gives these off these types of fibers
GA VE GE
The cervical plexus receives communication fibers from the (symp,parasym) nervous system
sympathetic
C2-4 Cervical plexus
Cutaneous branches
Cutaneous branches (C2-4) carry ___ information from the ___
General Afferent, skin of the neck
C1-3 Cervical plexus
Ansa cervicalis
Ansa cervicalis provides __ innervation to the ____ except the ____ muscle
GE, infrahyoid muscles, thyrohyoid muscle
C1-4 cervical plexus
Deep muscular branches
Deep muscular branches provide ___ to _____
GE, deep cervical muscles
C3-5 cervical plexus
Phrenic nerve
Phrenic nerve innervates
the diaphragm
Vagus (X) nerve exits the cranial cavity through the
jugular foramen
After exiting the skull, the vagus nerve enters the
carotid sheath
Vagus Nerve -> jugular foramen -> carotid sheath -> descends behind internal jugular vein -> internal carotid -> common carotid
remember this
Vagus nerve has which branches in the neck?
pharyngeal, laryngeal, and cardiac branches in the neck
Spinal accessory nerve exits the skull through
jugular foramen
Spinal accessory nerve supplies what with what kind of fibers?
SCM and trapezius with GE fibers
Hypoglossal (XII) nerve leaves the cranial cavity through what?
hypoglossal canal
The target organ for the hypoglossal (XII) nerve is?
tongue
What nerves innervate the thyrohyoid and the geniohyoid
C1 of Cervical plexus
What nerve does C1 travel with?
hypoglossal canal
C1 and the hypoglossal nerve form what structure? What type of fibers do they provide to the thyrohyoid and geniohyoid?
superior root of ansa cervicalis, General efferent
The Superior cervical ganglion are part of the (symp/parasymp) autonomic system
sympathetic
Where is the location of the superior cervical ganglion?
level of the 2nd and 3rd cervical vertebrae
Superior cervical ganglion communicates with
Cervical plexus (C1-4)
The post sympathetic fibers leave the superior cervical ganglion to form a ____ around the internal carotid artery to supply the structures of the head.
sympathetic plexus
