Anterior/posterior triangle and pharyngeal Flashcards
What are the superficiial muscles of the neck?
sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, anterior and posterior bellies of the digastric muscle
What is the origin and insertion of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
Origin: manubrium of sternu and medial 1/3 of the clavicle
Insertion: lateral aspect of mastoid process of the temporal bone
What is the origin and insertion of the trapezius muscle?
origin: external occipital protuberance of the skull, C1-12 spinous processes
insertion: clavicle, acromion, scapular spine
What is the origin and insertion of the digastric muscle anterior and posterior bellies?
Origin of anterior belly: digastric fossa of mandible
Insertion of anterior belly: digastric tendon of hyoid bone
Origin of posterior belly: mastoid process
Insertion of posterior belly: digastric tendon of hyoid bone
What is the innervation of the sternocleidomastoid?
CN XI
What is the innervation of the trapezius?
subtrapezial nerve plexus (CN XI and C3/C4 ventral rami)
What is the innervation of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle?
mylohyoid nerve
What is the innervation of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle?
CN VII (Facial N.)
What are the actions of the sternocleidomastoid?
Rotates the head opposite the contracted side
Laterally flexes the neck to the contracted side
Bilaterally flexes the neck
What is the action of the trapezius?
moves shoulder girdle
What is the action of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle?
What is the action of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle?
lowers mandilbe or raises hyoid
elevates and retracts hyoid
What are the muscles of the muscular subdivision of the anterior triangle or the infrahyoid muscles?
omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid
What is the origin and insertion of the omohyoid?
Origin: medial margin of the suprascapular notch
Insertion: hyoid bone
What is the origin and insertion of the sternohyoid?
origin: manubrium of the sternum
insertion: hyoid bone
What is the origin and insertion of the sternothyroid?
origin: manubrium of the sternum
insertion: oblique line of the thyroid cartilage
What is the origin and insertion of the thyrohyoid?
origin: oblique line of the thyroid cartilage
insertion: hyoid bone
What is the innervation of the omohyoid?
C1-C3 via ansa cervicalis
What is the innervation of the sternohyoid?
C1-C3 via ansa cervicalis
What is the innervation of the sternothyroid?
C1-C3 via ansa cericalis
What is the innervation of the thyrohyoid?
C1 branch traveling with CN XII
What is the action of the omohyoid?
depresses and fixes the hyoid
What is the action of the sternohyoid?
depresses hyoid
What is the action of the sternothyroid?
depresses the larynx
What is the action of the thyrohyoid?
depresses hyoid or raises larynx
What are the muscles of the posterior triangle?
sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, anterior scalen, middle scalene, posterior scalene, levator scapulae
What is the origin and insertion of the anterior scalene?
Origin: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
Insertion: 1st rib
What is the origin and insertion of the posterior scalene?
Origin: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
Insertion: 1st rib
What is the origin and insertion of the posterior scalene?
origin: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
insertion: 2nd rib
What is the origin and insertion of the levator scapulae?
origin: C1-C4 transverse processes
Insertion: medial border of the scapula, above the spine
What is the innervation of the anterior scalene?
ventral rami of the cervical plexus
What is the innervation of the middle scalene?
ventral rami of the cervical plexus
What is the innervation of the posterior scalene?
ventral rami of the cervical plexus
What is the innervation of the levator scapulae?
dorsal scapular nerve
What is the action of anterior scalene?
laterally bends the neck
elevates the 1st rib
Action of the middle scalene
laterally bends the neck
elevate the 1st rib
action of the posterior scalene
laterally bend neck
elevate 2nd rib
action of the levator scapulae
moves shoulder girdle
What are the pharyngeal constrictors?
superior constrictor, middle constrictor, inferior constrictor
What is the origin and insertion of hte superior constrictor?
origin: lower posterior border of medial pterygoid plate, hamulus, mylohyoid line of mandible, and intervening pteryogomandibular raphe
insertion: pharyngeal tubercle and pharyngeal raphe
What is the origin and insertion of the middle constrictor?
Origin: lesser and greater horns of hyoid and loer portion of stylohoid ligament
Insertion: pharyngeal raphe
What is the origin and insertion of the inferior constrictor?
origin: oblique line of thyroid cartilage, cricoid carilage, tendinous arch between them
insertion: pharyngeal raphe
What is the innervations and actions for the pharyngeal constrictor muscles?
CN X, pharyngeal branches
constrict pharynx
What are the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx?
stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus, palatopharyngeus
What is the origin and insertion of the stylopharyngeus?
origin: styloid process
insertion: superior border and superior horn of thyroid cartilage; lateral pharyngeal wall
What is the origin and insertion of the salpingopharyngeus?
origin: inferomedial end of auditory tube
insertion: blends with palatopharyngeus in lateral pharyngeal wall
What is the origin and insertion of the palatopharyngeus?
origin: posterior margin of hard palate, palatine aponeurosis
insertion: posterior border of thyroid cartilage and lateral wall of pharynx
What is the innervation of the stylopharyngeus?
CN IX, pharyngeal branches
What is the innervation of the salpingopharyngeus?
CN X, pharyngeal branches
What is the innervation of the palatopharyngeus?
CN X and pharyngeal branches
What is the action of the sylopharyngeus?
elevate pharynx
What is the action of the salpingopharyngeus?
elevate pharynx
What is the action of the palatopharyngeus?
elevate pharynx and close oropharyngeal isthmus