Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Anterior Neck > Flashcards

Anterior Neck Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 tonsils in the pharynx?

A

palatine tonsils, lingual tonsils, and pharyngeal tonsils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where are palatine tonsils?

A

located on L and R sides of posterior throat, can see when one opens mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are pharyngeal tonsils also called?

A

adenoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of the thyroid?

A

regulates metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the function of vocal folds?

A

produces sound

folds of tissue in larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What and where is the cricoid cartilage?

A

ring-shaped cartilage of larynx

found on top of 1st tracheal C-ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What innervates the platysma?

A

facial nerve (CN VII)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the action of the platysma?

A

draws neck skin superiorly when teeth clenching

draws mouth corners inferiorly and widens when expressing fright/sadness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the origin (proximal attachment) and insertion (distal attachment) of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

A

Origin =
- lateral half of superior nuchal line
- lateral surface of mastoid process

Insertion =
- sternal head = anterior surface of manubrium
- clavicular head = superior surface of medial third of clavicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What innervates the sternocleidomastoid?

A
  • spinal accessory (CN XI = motor)
  • C2 and C3 spinal nerves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the action of sternocleidomastoid?

A

Unilateral =
- lateral flexion of neck
- rotates head superiorly to opposite side

Bilateral =
- extends neck at atlanto-occipital joints
- flexes cervical vertebra = chin touches manubrium
- thrusts head forward at head level = extends superior cervical vertebra while flexing inferior cervical vertebra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 3 deep muscles of the anterior neck?

A

longus capitis
longus colli
rectus capitis lateralis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What innervates the longus capitis muscle?

A

anterior rami C1-C3 spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the action of the longus capitis?

A

flexes head and neck anteriorly or laterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What innervates the longus colli muscle?

A

anterior rami of C2-C6 spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the action of the longus colli?

A

flexes neck anteriorly or laterally at C2-C7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What innervates the rectus capitis lateralis muscle?

A

branches from loop between C1 and C2 spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the action of the rectus capitis lateralis muscle?

A

flexes head
helps stabilize head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the 4 suprahyoid muscles?

A
  • digastric muscle (superior and inferior bellies)
  • geniohyoid
  • stylohyoid
  • mylohyoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What innervates the digastric muscles?

A

Anterior belly = trigeminal nerve (CN V3) –> mandibular nerve –> inferior alveolar nerve –> mylohyoid nerve

Posterior belly = facial nerve CN VII –> digastric branch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the action of digastric muscles?

A
  • depresses mandible against resistance
  • elevates and stabilizes hyoid bone during swallowing and speaking
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What innervates the mylohyoid muscle?

A

trigeminal nerve 3 (CN V3) –> mandibular branch –> inferior alveolar nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the action of the mylohyoid?

A
  • elevates hyoid
  • elevates floor of mouth
  • elevates tongue during swallowing and speaking
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What innervates the geniohyoid muscle?

A

hypoglossal nerve CN XII –> C1 spinal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the action of the geniohyoid muscle?

A
  • elevates hyoid bone anterosuperiorly
  • shortens floor of mouth
  • widens pharynx
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What innervates the stylohyoid muscle?

A

facial nerve (CN VIII) –> stylohyoid branch

27
Q

What is the action of the stylohyoid muscle?

A

Elevate and Retract hyoid bone

28
Q

What are the 4 infrahyoid muscles?

A

beneath hyoid bone

TOSS = thyrohyoid, omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid

29
Q

What innervates the thyrohyoid muscle?

A

hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) –> C1 spinal nerve

30
Q

What is the action of thyrohyoid?

A

Depresses hyoid bone
Elevates larynx

31
Q

What innervates the omohyoid?

A

Ansa Cervicalis = C1 - C3 spinal nerves

32
Q

What is the action of the omohyoid?

A

Depresses, Retracts, and Stabilizes hyoid bone

33
Q

What innervates the sternohyoid muscle?

A

Ansa Cervicalis = C1 - C3 spinal nerves

34
Q

What is the action of the sternohyoid?

A

Depresses hyoid bone after elevation during swallowing

35
Q

What innervates the sternothyroid?

A

Ansa Cervicalis = C2 - C3 spinal nerves

36
Q

What is the action of the sternothyroid?

A

Depresses hyoid bone and larynx

37
Q

What is the cervical plexus?

A

network of nerves of the neck

38
Q

Where does the cervical plexus emerge from?

A

middle of the posterior border of the SCM (sternocleidomastoid)

39
Q

What does the cervical plexus innervate?

A
  • skin of anterolateral neck
  • superolateral thoracic wall
  • scalp between auricle and external occipital protuberance
40
Q

What are the branches of the cervical plexus?

A
  • lesser occipital nerve
  • greater auricular nerve
  • transverse cervical nerve
  • supraclavicular nerves
41
Q

What spinal nerve did the lesser occipital nerve originate from?

A

C2 spinal nerve

42
Q

What does the lesser occipital nerve innervate?

A

sensory innervation to the skin above clavicle

43
Q

Where can you find the lesser occipital nerve?

A

posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid

44
Q

What spinal nerve did the supraclavicular nerve originate from?

A

C4 and C5 spinal nerves

45
Q

What does the supraclavicular nerve innervate?

A

sensory innervation to skin above clavicle

46
Q

Where can you find the supraclavicular nerve?

A

emerges as a common trunk under the posterior border of SCM (have to reflect that)

47
Q

What spinal nerve did the phrenic nerve originate from?

A

C3, C4, C5 = keep the diaphragm alive!

48
Q

What does the phrenic nerve innervate?

A

central portion of diaphragm

motor, sensory and sympathetic nerve fibers

49
Q

Where can you find the phrenic nerve?

A

superior to (on top of) anterior scalene

50
Q

What spinal nerve did the Ansa Cervicalis nerve originate from?

A

C1 and C2 spinal nerves

51
Q

What does the Ansa Cervicalis nerve innervate?

A

motor innervation to infrahyoid muscles

52
Q

Where can you find the Ansa Cervicalis nerve?

A
  • behind omohyoid muscle
  • superficial to (on top of) the internal jugular vein in the carotid sheath
53
Q

What does the vagus nerve innervate?

A

abdominal and thoracic organs

54
Q

Where can you find the vagus nerve on the neck?

A
  • within the carotid sheath
  • posterolateral to internal and common carotid arteries
  • medial to internal jugular vein
55
Q

What does the hypoglossal nerve innervate?

A

muscles of tongue

56
Q

Where can you find the hypoglossal nerve on the neck?

A

runs horizontally behind stylohyoid and digastric inferior belly

57
Q

Where can you find the vertebral artery on the neck?

A
  • between common carotid and subclavian arteries
  • perpendicular and under phrenic nerve
58
Q

Where can you find the thyrocervical artery trunk on the neck?

A

medial first branch off of subclavian artery

59
Q

Which arteries supply blood to the brain?

A

vertebral artery

60
Q

What is a special feature of the carotid sinus and body?

A

has baroreceptors and chemoreceptors

61
Q

Where does the internal carotid supply blood to?

A

brain

62
Q

Where does the external carotid supply blood to?

A

face and neck

63
Q

Where does the subclavian artery supply blood to?

A

upper limbs

64
Q

Where does the thyrocervical trunk supply blood to?

A

thyroid gland and cervical regions

Anatomy (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions