Anterior/lateral Neck

Question 1

Sternocleidomastoid origin and insertion

Answer 1

O: sternal head- anterior surface of manubrium, clavicular head- medial 1/3 of the clavicle

I: lateral surface of the mastoid process and lateral 1/2 of the superior nuchal line

Question 2

Sternocleidomastoid innervation and action

Answer 2

Accessory nerve CN XI

Bilaterally flexes neck and extends head, ipsilateral side bending, contralateral rotation

Divides the neck into anterior and posterior triangles

Question 3

Splenius capitis origin and insertion and action

Answer 3

O: ligamentum nuchae, superior 6 thoracic vertebrae
I: mastoid process and superior nuchal line

Rotate, side bend head same side, extend head and neck acting together

Question 4

Scalenes origin and insertion and action

Answer 4

O: transverse processes between C2-C6
I: middle and anterior scalene attach to rib 1, posterior scalene to rib 2

Elevate ribs to aid in respiration, contralateral rotation of head, side bend to same side (ipsilateral)

Question 5

Suprahyoids

Answer 5

Mylohyoid, geniohyoid, stylohyoid, digastric

Elevates the hyoid bone

Question 6

Infrahyoids

Answer 6

Sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid

Depress the hyoid bone
All innervated by ansa cervicalis except the thyrohyoid which is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

Question 7

Posterior cervical triangle

Answer 7

Divided by the inferior belly of the omohyoid (occipital and supraclavicular triangles)

Anterior border: posterior border of the SCM
Posterior: anterior border of trapezius
Inferior/base: middle 1/3 of the clavicle

Question 8

Anterior cervical triangle

Answer 8

Divided submental, submandibular, carotid, and muscular by omohyoid and digastric muscles

Anterior border: midline of neck
Posterior: anterior border of the SCM
Superior: inferior border of mandible

Question 9

Muscles that make up the posterior cervical triangle

Answer 9

Splenius capitis, levator, and the 3 scalenes