Anterior And Medial Thigh

Question 1

L1-L2 give off 3 cutaneous nerves called

Answer 1

Iliohypogastric (innervates skin just above iliac crest to below iliac crest)
Ilioinguinal (innervates skin in your groin)
Genitofemoral (innervates most medial aspect of groin including genitalia)

Question 2

4 nerves that come off the lumbar plexus proper L3-L5

Answer 2

Femoral nerve
Obturator nerve
Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
Branch to psoas major

Question 3

Femoral nerve enters the thigh

Answer 3

Under the inguinal ligament (which runs from the ASIS to pubic tubercle)

Question 4

Obturator nerve enters thigh through

Answer 4

Obturator foramen

Question 5

Femoral nerve has 2 cutaneous branches called

Answer 5

Anterior femoral cutaneous nerve 
Saphenous nerve (largest cutaneous branch of femoral nerve)

Question 6

Saphenous nerve has two branches

Answer 6

Infrapatella branch (skin below knee) and medial crural branch (medial side of shin)

After ACL reconstruction or total knee replacement patient may not have feeling in patch of skin below knee - normal

Question 7

Fascia in LE helps

Answer 7

Increase venous return by compressing muscles when they contract and prevent pooling of blood in LE

Question 8

2 superficial veins in LE

Answer 8

Great saphenous and lesser saphenous vein
Very superficial, follows path of saphenous nerve up medial side of leg behind knee up medial thigh to femoral vein
Very long and thick, used for coronary artery bypass graft if someone has blockage of coronary artery

Question 9

3 compartments of thigh

Answer 9

Anterior innervated primarily by femoral nerve and extend the knee and flex the hip
Medial innervated by obturator nerve and adduct hip
Posterior innervated by sciatic nerve and flex knee and extend hip

Question 10

Iliopsoas

Answer 10

Iliacus origin: iliac crest and fossa, sacrum
Psoas major origin: T12-L5 lumbar vertebrae
Insert: lesser trochanter
Innervated by femoral nerve L2-L4
Does hip flexion

Question 11

Sartorius

Answer 11

Origin: ASIS
Insertion: superior medial tibia (pes anserine)
Innervated by femoral nerve
Does hip flexion, abduction, and external rotation

Question 12

Tensor fascia lata

Answer 12

Origin: ASIS and lateral iliac crest
Insertion: iliotibial band (which inserts into gerdys tubercle)
Innervated by superior gluteal nerve L4-S1
Does hip flexion, abduction, internal rotation

Question 13

Pectineus

Answer 13

Origin: body of pubic bone
Insertion: pectineal line of femur (just inferior to lesser trochanter)
Innervated by either femoral or obturator nerve
Does hip adduction and flexion

Question 14

Quadriceps femoris

Answer 14

Rectus femoris origin: AIIS
Vastus lateralis origin: greater trochanter
Vastus medialis: medial lip of linear aspera
Vastus intermedius: anterior/lateral femoral shaft
All insert on tibial tuberosity via patella tendon
All innervated by femoral nerve
All do knee extension, rectus femoris can also do hip flexion because it crosses the hip

Question 15

VMO

Answer 15

Has something to do with patella tracking

Question 16

Adductor longus

Answer 16

Origin: inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: middle 1/3 of the linear aspera
Innervated by obturator nerve L2-L4
Does hip adduction

Question 17

Adductor brevis

Answer 17

Origin: inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: proximal aspect of linear aspera and the pectineal line of femur
Innervated by obturator nerve
Does hip adduction

Question 18

Adductor magnus

Answer 18

Origin: inferior pubic ramus and ischial tuberosity
Insertion: adductor tubercle of femur
Innervated by obturator nerve and sciatic nerve L4-S3
Does hip adduction and extension

Question 19

Gracilis

Answer 19

Origin: inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: superior medial tibia (pes anserine)
Innervated by obturator nerve
Does hip adduction and knee flexion

Question 20

Obturator externus

Answer 20

Origin: obturator foramen
Insertion: trochanteric fossa of femur
Innervated by obturator nerve
Does hip external rotation

Question 21

Femoral triangle

Answer 21

Base: inguinal ligament
Lateral border: sartorius
Medial: adductor longus
Floor: lateral- iliopsoas, medial- pectineus
Roof: fascia lata
Contents: femoral vein, artery, nerve VAN medial to lateral

Question 22

Blood supply

Answer 22

Abdominal aorta becomes common iliac artery, which bifurcates at L2 into the external and internal iliac artery.
External iliac artery runs under inguinal ligament and becomes femoral artery, femoral artery enters triangle and gives off largest branch (profunda femoral). Femoral artery goes down thigh and enters hiatus in add Magnus and becomes popliteal artery