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Human Structure - Block 2 - Week #4 - Flashcards - JTC > Anterior Abdominal Wall and Inguinal Canal | B2 WK 4 > Flashcards

Anterior Abdominal Wall and Inguinal Canal | B2 WK 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the space between the thoracic & pelvic cavities?

A

Abdominal cavity

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2
Q

What is the superior border of the abdominal cavity

A

Thoracic diaphragm

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3
Q

What is the inferior border of the abdominal cavity

A

Pelvic inlet

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4
Q

What is the abdominal cavity lined by

A

parietal peritoneum

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5
Q

What are the bones of the abdomen?

A

Lumbar vertebrae
Os Coxa

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6
Q

What is the midclavicular plane?

A

Midpoint of the clavicles to the mid-inguinal point

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7
Q

What is the subcostal plane?

A

Across inferior border of 10th costal cartilage

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8
Q

What is the transtubercular plane?

A

Passes through iliac tubercles on each side and across the body of L5.

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9
Q

what are the 9 regions of the abdomen?

A
  1. RH - Right hypochondrium
  2. TL - right flank (lateral region)
  3. RI - right inguinal
  4. Epigastric
  5. Umbilical
  6. Pubic (or hypogastric)
  7. LH - left hypochondrium
  8. Left Flank (lateral region)
  9. LI - left inguinal
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10
Q

What are the two planes that make up the quadrants of the abdomen?

A

Median Plane (R/L halves of Body)
Transumbilical Plane (Passes thru umbilicus - btwn L3/L4)

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11
Q

What are the bony landmarks of the abdomen?

A

Iliac crest
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)

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12
Q

What are the muscular landmarks of the abdomen?

A

Ext. Abdominal Oblique
Rectus abdominis

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13
Q

What are the tendinous landmarks of the abdomen?

A

Linea alba
Semilunar line
inguinal ligament
Tendinous intersection

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14
Q

What is McBurney’s Point?

A

Superficial landmark for the appendix [RLQ]
Located ~2/3 between the umbilicus and ASIS

(Referred pain of Appendix felt here)

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15
Q

From SUPERFICIAL to DEEP - what are the layers of the Abdominal wall? [12 pts]

A

SUPERFICAL
1. Skin
2. Campers Fascia - Superficial SubQ
3. Scarpa Fascia
4. Investing (deep) Fascia
5. External Oblique
6. Investing fascia
7. Internal Oblique
8. Investing fascia
9. Transverse Abdominus
10. Endoabdominal fascia
11. Extraperitoneal fat
12. Parietal peritoneum

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16
Q

What condition is characterized by interruption of the urethra resulting in collection of urine in other cavities

A

Extravasation of Urine

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17
Q

What causes extravasation of Urine?

A

Urine/blood can get trapped in scrotum, penis, and the abdominal wall due to the relationship between perineal fascia and abdominal fascia

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18
Q

What are the 4 muscles of the anterolateral abdominal wall?

A

anterior: Rectus Abdominus
lateral: external oblique, internal oblique, & transversus abdominus

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19
Q

All 4 muscles of the anterolateral abdominal wall are innervated segmentally by:

A

ventral rami of T6-T12 & L1

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20
Q

What muscles work to compress and support abdominal viscera?

A

Rectus Abdominus
external oblique
internal oblique
transversus abdominus

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21
Q

What muscles rotate & flex the trunk?

A

External & internal oblique muscles

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22
Q

What muscle stabilizes & controls the tilt of the pelvis AND flexes the trunk?

A

Rectus abdominus

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23
Q

What are the 6 F’s of abdominal enlargement?

A

Food
Flatus
Fat
Fluid
Feces
Fetus

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24
Q

O, I, NS | External Oblique

A

O: Ribs 5-12
I: Linea alba
NS: T7-T12

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25
Q

Which way do muscle fibers run in ext. oblique?

A

Super-lateral (hands in pockets)

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26
Q

O, I, NS | Internal Oblique

A

O: Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal lig
I: Inf. borders of ribs 10-12, linea alba, & pectineal line
NS: T6-T12, L1

27
Q

Which way do muscle fibers run in int. oblique?

A

infero-lat to supero-medial
(clutching your pearls)

28
Q

O, I, NS | Transversus Abdominus

A

O: 7th-12th Costal cartilages, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, & inguinal ligament
I: Linea alba, pubic crest, & pectineal line via conjoint tendon
NS: T6-T12, L1

29
Q

Describe ipsilateral contraction of the trunk

A

External & internal oblique muscles from the SAME side
Lateral trunk flexion - bend towards contracted side

30
Q

Describe contralateral contraction

A

External oblique from one side and internal oblique from the opposite side
Trunk torsion

31
Q

In trunk torsion, the twist will be towards the side of the _______________________

A

Contracted int. oblique

32
Q

O, I, NS | Rectus Abdominus

A

O: pubic symphsis & pubic crest
I: xiphoid process + 5-7th costal cart.
NS: T6-T12

33
Q

What is the rectus sheath formed from?

A

aponeuroses of external oblique, internal oblique, & transversus abdominus

34
Q

What would you find in the rectus sheath?

A
  1. Rectus abdominus (sup. 2/3)
  2. Sup/Inf epigastric A.V.
  3. Lymphatic Vessels
  4. Distal portions of thoracoabdominal nerves
35
Q

What is the arcuate line?

A

Point where rectus abdominus travels within rectus sheath (deep)

36
Q

Superficial veins of the abdominal wall radiate out from the….

A

umbilicus

37
Q

If you are a blood cell in a vein traveling superior to the umbilicus, where are you drained into?

A

Axillary V. Via the lateral thoracic V.

38
Q

If you are a blood cell in a vein traveling inferior to the umbilicus, where are you drained into?

A

Femoral V. via the superficial epigastric V.

39
Q

The paraumbilical vv. connects what? why is it important?

A

Connects the network through the umbilicus and along the ligaemntum teres of the liver to the portal vein
*Forms an important portal-systemic venous anastomosis

40
Q

What a. & v. supply the lateral wall of the abdomen?
(ext oblique, int oblique, transversus abdominus)

A

Intercostal & lumbar a./v.

41
Q

What is the blood supply to the rectus abdominus?

A

Superior & Inferior epigastric

42
Q

The epigastrics anastomosis in the abdomen. Where does the superficial arise from? inferior?

A

S: internal thoracic
I: external iliac

43
Q

Lymphatic drainage moves __________ from the umbilicus

A

AWAY

44
Q

Drainage above the umbilicus (lymph) drains to…

A

anterior axillary lymph nodes

45
Q

Drainage below the umbilicus (lymph) drains to…

A

superficial inguinal lymph nodes

46
Q

Why do the lymphatic drainage between the testes and scrotum differ?

A

Teste lymphatic drainage goes to the superficial inguinal lymph nodes. Lymphatic drainage from the testes goes to the lumbar lymph nodes. This is b/c the scrotum is an outpouching. The testes org. in the lumbar area and move down during development
(i.e., blame embryo)

47
Q

Spinal levels ____ - ____ are the thoraco-abdominal nerves

A

T7-T11

48
Q

thoraco-abdominal Motor innervation

A

Ext. Abd. Oblique
Int. Abd. Oblique
Transversus abdominis
Rectus abdominis

49
Q

thoraco-abdominal Sensory innervation

A

T7-T9: Skin superior to umbilicus
T10: skin around the umbilicus
T11: skin inferior to umbilicus

50
Q

Subcostal nerve is at spinal level…

A

T12

51
Q

Subcostal nerve motor innervation

A

Ext. Abd. Oblique
Int. Abd. Oblique
Transversus abdominis
Rectus abdominis

52
Q

Subcostal nerve sensory innervation

A

skin superior to iliac crest and inferior to umbilicus

53
Q

iliohypogastric nerve is spinal level…

A

L1

54
Q

iliohypogastric nerve motor innervation

A

Internal oblique, Transversus abdominus

55
Q

iliohypogastric nerve sensory innervation

A

region of skin from iliac crest and superior to inguinal ligament

56
Q

Ilioinguinal Nerve is spinal level…

A

L1

57
Q

T/F: the Ilioinguinal Nerve travels through the deep inguinal ring

A

false - only the inguinal canal

58
Q

Ilioinguinal Nerve motor innervation

A

Internal oblique
Transversus abdominus

59
Q

Ilioinguinal Nerve Sensory innervation

A

Skin of lower inguinal region
Mons pubis
Anterior scrotum/labium majus
medial thigh

60
Q

Genitofemoral nerve spinal level

A

L1-2

61
Q

The genitofemoral nerve - genital branch (Sensory + motor innervation)

A

Sensory - innervation to the root of the penis, anterolateral surface of scrotum/mons pubis, & labia majora
Motor - innervation of cremaster

62
Q

The genitofemoral nerve - femoral branch (Sensory + motor innervation)

A

Sensory innervation to small area of the skin on the medial aspect of the superior anterior thigh

63
Q

What is the cremasteric reflex?

A

This is when the cremaster muscle contracts. It is caused when the skin on the medial aspect of the superior thigh is lightly poked or stroked.

64
Q

Stroking of the inner thigh in the cremasteric reflex stimulates sensory fibers of the __________ nerve. This then activated the motor fibers of the ___________ branch of the ____________ nerve yielding contraction.

A
  1. ilioinguinal N
  2. genital branch
  3. genitofemoral n

Human Structure - Block 2 - Week #4 - Flashcards - JTC (9 decks)

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