Anterior Abdominal Wall

Question 1

Superior Boundary

Answer 1

Diaphragm

Question 2

Inferior Boundary

Answer 2

Pelvic outlet

Question 3

Anterior/Lateral Boundary

Answer 3

Anterior abdominal wall

Question 4

Posterior Boundary

Answer 4

Lumbar and vertebrae muscles

Question 5

Content of Abdominal Cavity

Answer 5

Digestive organs
Some urogenital organs
Peritoneal cavity

Question 6

Regions of Abdominal Cavity

Answer 6

Right and left hypochondriac
Right and left lumbar
Right and left inguinal
Epigastric
Umbilical
Hypogastric

Question 7

Where is the trans-umblical plane found?

Answer 7

L3/4 level

Question 8

Layers of Anterior Abdominal Wall

Answer 8

Skin
Superficial fascia
Deep fascia (epimysium)
Muscle layers
Transverse fascia
Extraperitonal fat
Parietal peritoneum

Question 9

Types of Superficial Fascia

Answer 9

Camper’s - fat layer

Scarpa’s - membranous layer

Question 10

Straddle Injury

Answer 10

Blood accumulates under Scarpa’s fascia

Question 11

External Oblique Origin

Answer 11

External surface of ribs 5-12

Question 12

External Oblique Insertion

Answer 12

Linea alba
Pubic tubercle
Anterior iliac crest

Question 13

External/Internal Oblique Function

Answer 13

Flexion and rotation (work contralaterally)

Question 14

Internal Oblique Origin

Answer 14

Thoracolumbar fascia
Anterior 2/3 of iliac crest
Lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament

Question 15

Internal Oblique Insertion

Answer 15

Linea alba
Superior edge of pubis
Inferior border of ribs 10-12

Question 16

What works together for left side flexion and rotation?

Answer 16

R external oblique and L internal oblique

Question 17

Transverse Abdominis Origin

Answer 17

Internal surface of costal cartilage of ribs 7-12
Thoracolumbar fascia
Iliac crest
Lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament

Question 18

Transverse Abdominis Insertion

Answer 18

Linea abla
Pubic crest
Pecten pubis

Question 19

Transverse Abdominis Function

Answer 19

Stabilizes spine

Aids in respiration

Question 20

Rectus Abdominus Origin

Answer 20

Pubic crest

Pubic symphysis

Question 21

Rectus Abdominus Insertion

Answer 21

Costal cartilage 5-7

Xiphoid process

Question 22

Rectus Abdominus Function

Answer 22

Flexion/extension of thorax

Question 23

Inguinal canal is located…

Answer 23

Just superior to inguinal ligament

Question 24

Where is the deep ring?

Answer 24

Lateral

Question 25

Where is the superficial ring?

Answer 25

Medial

Question 26

Inguinal Canal contains

Answer 26

2 nerves - ilioinguinal and genital branch of genitofemoral
Spermatic cord (males)
Round ligament of uterus (females)

Question 27

Inguinal Hernia

Answer 27

80-90% of all hernias
Protrusion of parietal peritoneum and/or small intestine
Can be direct or indirect

Question 28

Direct Hernia

Answer 28

Less common

Weakness of anterior abdominal wall

Question 29

Indirect Hernia

Answer 29

Most common

Congenital condition

Question 30

Anterior Abdominal Wall Innervation

Answer 30

Ventral rami of T7-12 & L1

Question 31

Epigastric Region

Answer 31

T7-9 Thoracoabdominal nerves

Question 32

Umbilical Region

Answer 32

T10 Thoracoabdominal nerve

Question 33

Upper Hypogastric Region

Answer 33

T11 Thoracoabdominal nerve

Question 34

Subcostal/Middle Hypogastric Region

Answer 34

T12 Thoracoabdominal nerve

Question 35

Lower Hypogastric/Ilioinguinal Region

Answer 35

L1 Thoracoabdominal nerve

Question 36

Caput Medusa

Answer 36

Superficial veins anastomose with deep veins

When deep veins are blocked, superficial veins enlarge

Question 37

When is caput medusa seen?

Answer 37

Hepatic portal vein hypertension or obstruction

Question 38

Referred pain

Answer 38

Visceral sensory input travels to same spinal cord level as somatic sensory input; therefore, somatic pain