Abdominal Organs

Question 1

Right Upper Quadrant

Answer 1

Right lobe of liver
Gallbladder
Stomach pylorus
Duodenum
Head of pancreas
Right suprarenal gland
Right kidney
Hepatic flexure
Superior portion of ascending colon
Right half of transverse colon

Question 2

Left Upper Quadrant

Answer 2

Left lobe of liver
Spleen
Stomach
Jejunum and proximal ileum
Body and tail of pancreas
Left kidney
Left suprarenal gland
Splenic flexure
Superior portion of descending colon
Left half of transverse colon

Question 3

Right Lower Quadrant

Answer 3

Cecum
Appendix
Most of ileum
Inferior portion of ascending colon
Right ovary/uterine tube/spermatic cord
Uterus (if enlarged)
Urinary bladder (if very full)

Question 4

Left Lower Quadrant

Answer 4

Sigmoid colon
Inferior portion of descending colon
Left ovary/uterine tube/spermatic cord
Uterus (if enlarged)
Urinary bladder (if very full)

Question 5

Sympathetic Stomach Innervation

Answer 5

Greater splanchnic, T5-9

Question 6

Parasympathetic Stomach Innervation

Answer 6

Vagus

Question 7

Other Stomach Innervation

Answer 7

Celiac ganglion & plexus

Superior mesenteric ganglion & plexus

Question 8

Hiatal Hernia

Answer 8

Protrusion of stomach into mediastinum through esophageal hiatus
Occurs more often after middle age, distressful and pain

Question 9

Hiatal Hernia Types

Answer 9

Paraesophageal

Sliding

Question 10

Paraesophageal Hernia

Answer 10

Cardia remains in normal position
Part of fundus herniated
Usually no regurgitation of stomach contents

Question 11

Sliding Hernia

Answer 11

Abdominal portion of esophagus + cardia + part of fundus all herniated
Regurgitation possible

Question 12

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Answer 12

Poor development of diaphragm
Could have pulmonary hypoplasia
High mortality

Question 13

Referred Pain for Stomach

Answer 13

Gastric and peptic ulcers refer to epigastric region

Question 14

Referred Pain for Duodenum

Answer 14

Lower epigastric region

Umbilical region

Question 15

Referred Pain for Diaphragm

Answer 15

Upper R. shoulder

Question 16

Referred Pain for Small Intestine

Answer 16

T5-9

Paraumbilical

Question 17

Appendicitis

Answer 17

Acute inflammation common in young people

Rupture causes peritonitis/nausea/vomiting

Question 18

Appendicitis Referred Pain

Answer 18

Vague paraumbilical pain
T10
Possible lower right quadrant

Question 19

Surgery for Appendicitis

Answer 19

McBurney’s Point

Laproscopy

Question 20

Arterial Supply of Pectinate Line

Answer 20

Above - IMA

Below - internal iliac artery

Question 21

Venous Drainage of Pectinate Line

Answer 21

Above - portal vein

Below - IVC

Question 22

Lymphatic Drainage of Pectinate Line

Answer 22

Above - internal iliac lymph nodes

Below - inguinal lymph nodes

Question 23

Innervation of Pectinate Line

Answer 23

Above - visceral

Below - somatic

Question 24

Epithelial Coverage of Pectinate Line

Answer 24

Above - Stratified nonkeratinized

Below - Change to keratinized

Question 25

Internal Hemorrhoids

Answer 25

Above pectinate line
Prolapse of rectal mucosa
Painless

Question 26

External Hemorrhoids

Answer 26

Below pectinate line

Painful

Question 27

Pancreas Referred Pain

Answer 27

Small tumor - jaundice w/ no pain

Large tumor - jaundice w/ pain

Question 28

Pancreas Innervation

Answer 28

Greater Splanchnic - T5-9

Question 29

Liver Blood Supply

Answer 29

75-80% - portal vein

20-25% - hepatic artery

Question 30

Portal Triad

Answer 30

Housed by hepatoduodenal ligament

Question 31

Portal Triad composed of

Answer 31

Hepatic portal vein
Hepatic artery
Common bile duct

Question 32

Gall Bladder Referred Pain

Answer 32

Localized if enlarges and touches ribs

Referred if enlarges and touches diaphragm

Question 33

Gall Stones

Answer 33

Below ribs if there is no contact w/ diaphragm

Referred to right shoulder if diaphragm involved