Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards
Nine Abdominal Regions:
- H
- L
- I
- E
- U
- P
- -dividing right and left by ____ ____
Hypochondriac Lateral Inguinal Epigastric Umbilical Pubic --Midclavicular Planes
Four Abdominal Regions:
- Quadrants
- -divided through center by ____
Median Plane
Anterolateral Wall:
- S
- C
- S
- I
- E
- I
- I
- I
- T
- T
- E
- P
- Skin
- Superficial Fatty Layer of Subcutaneous Tissue (camper fascia)
- Deep Membranous Layer of Subcutaneous Tissue (Scarpa fascia)
- Investing (deep) fascia
- Exernal Oblique M
- Investing (deep) fascia
- Interal Oblique M
- Investing (deep) fascia
- Transversus Abdominis M
- Endo-Abdominal (transversalis) fascia
- Extraperitoneal fat
- Parietal Peritoneum
-
-
- External Oblique m
- Internal Oblique m
- Transversus Abdominis m
-
- Rectus Abdominis m
- Pyramidalis m
Rectus Sheath:
- _______ (tendinous) sheath
- envelopes _____ _____ and ______ mm
- consists of anterior and posterior layer
- -structure of sheath is relative to the _____ ____ (midway btw umbilicus and public symphysis)
- aponeurotic
- rectus abdominus and pyramidalis
- arcuate line
Superior to Arcuate Line:
Anterior Layer of the Rectus Sheath- formed by aponeuroses of _____ and 1/2 _____
aponeuroses of external oblique
1/2 internal oblique
Superior to Arcuate Line:
Posterior Layer of the Rectus Sheath- formed by aponeuroses of 1/2 ____ and ____; along w/ ______ fascia
aponeuroses of 1/2 internal oblique and transversus abdominis
transversalis fascia
Inferior of Arcuate Line:
Anterior Layer of the Rectus Sheath- formed by aponeuroses of ____, ____, ____
aponeuroses of external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis
Anterior Abdominal Wall Layer:
- ____ and ____ to ______ line
superior
inferior
arcuate
Inferior of Arcuate Line:
Posterior Layer of the Rectus Sheath- formed by _____ _____
transversalis fascia
Infraumbilical Peritoneal Folds:
-median umbilical fold= from ____ ____ to ____; covers ____ ____ _____
- urinary bladder to umbilicus
- median umbilical ligament
Infraumbilical Peritoneal Folds:
-medial umbilical folds= covers ____ ____ ____; occuded portions of ______ aa
medial umbilical ligaments
umbilical aa
Infraumbilical Peritoneal Folds:
-lateral umbilical folds= covers _____ _____ _____
inferior epigastric vessels
Superficial Vessels:
Epigastric a/v
-branch of ______ a/v
-supplies abdomen _____ to _______
runs in superficial fat/fascia
femoral a/v
abdomen inferior to umbilicus
Deep Circumflex Iliac Vessels:
- branch of ____ _____
- runs btw ____ and ____
- supplies ___ ____ abdominal mm
external iliac
internal oblique and transversus abdominis
inferior lateral abdominal mm
Inferior Epigastric Vessels:
- branch of _____ ____
- enters ___ rectus sheath at ______ line
- supplies ____ ____ _____mm
- anastomoses w/ ____ _____
external iliac
posterior rectus sheath at arcuate line
lower rectus abdominus mm
superior epigasatric
Superior Epigastric Vessels:
- branch of ___ ___ (mammary)
- enters ____ rectus sheath lateral to _______
- supplies ____ ____ ____ mm
- anastomoses w/ ______ _______
internal thoracic
posterior; lateral to sternum
upper rectus abdominus mm
inferior epigastric
Superficial Vessels:
Circumflex Iliac a/v
-branch of _______ a/v
-supplies region of _______ ______
runs in superficial fat/fascia
femoral a/v
inguinal ligament
NN of the Abdominal Wall:
- Ventral ______ of T7-L1 spinal nn
- T7, T8, and T9= supply region _____ umbilicus
- T10= supplies _____ region
- T11, T12, and L1= supply region ______ umbilicus
runs btw ____ and _____ mm
Venteral (anterior) rami
above
umbilical
below
internal oblique and transversus abdominus
-predisposes to developing direct inguinal hernias
Inguinal Region:
- inferior lateral abdominal region
- ____ to thigh
- ____ to ilium
- ____ to pubic bone
area extends btw the ___ ___ ___ ___ and ____ ____
superior
medial
lateral
anterior superior iliac sping (ASIS) and pubic tubercle
inguinal ligament, inguinal canal, sup./deep rings of inguinal canal, walls of canal
Inguinal Ligament:
- folded ____ border of the ____ ____ ____
- extends from _____ to ____ ____
inferior; external oblique aponeurosis
ASIS to pubic tubercle
Inguinal Canal:
- obliquely set tunnel __ to __ cm long
- traverses ____ abdominal wall
- runs parallel and superior to _____ _____
3 to 5 cm
anterior abdominal wall
inguinal ligament
Musculophrenic Vessels:
- branch of _____ _____ (mammary)
- runs along ______ _______
- supplies ____ abdominal mm and ______
internal thoracic
costal cartilages
upper abdominal mm and diaphram
Male Inguinal Canal:
-contains ____ cord and its contents
(vas deferens, testicular nn/vv, cremasteric m/fascia)
-_______ n. (____)
spermatic
ilioinguinal n of L1
Inguinal Canal Rings:
Superficial Ring- opening in ____ _____ _____
-obvious triangular opening lateral to ____ _____
canal extends btw sup and deep rings
external oblique aponeurosis
pubic tubercle
Inguinal Canal Rings:
Deep Ring- opening in _____ _____
-subtle piercing just lateral to ____ ____ vv
canal extends btw sup and deep rings
transversalis fascia
inferior epigastric cc
Female Inguinal Canal:
- contains ____ ligament of _____ (corresponds to spermatic cord in males)
- ______ n (L1)
round ligament of uterus
ilioinguinal n of L1
Abdominal Hernia: -outpouching of \_\_\_ \_\_\_ w/in sec -hernial sac composed of 3 layers (p\_\_\_\_\_\_, e\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_, t\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_) ~\_\_\_% of hernias occur in inguinal region
abdominal viscera
peritoneum, extraperitoneal fat, transversalis fascia
90%
Inguinal Canal Walls: -Anterior Wall= \_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_ -Posterior Wall= \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_ and conjoint tendon (fusion of IO, TA aponeuroses medially) -Roof= \_\_\_ \_\_\_ and \_\_\_ \_\_\_ mm -Floor= \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_
external oblique aponeurosis
transversalis fascia
internal oblique and transversus abdominus
inguinal ligament
Indirect Inguinal Hernia:
- extends thru ______ inguinal canal
- ______ to inferior epigastric vv
- commonly enters ______ or _____ ____
- most common type of hernia (more in men than in women)
- usually from persistent _____ _____ in males
- -(connects peritoneum w/ descended testis)
- referred to as canal of Nuck in females
entire
lateral
scrotum or labia majora
processus vaginalis
Direct Inguinal Hernia:
- thru inguinal _____ (Hesselbach’s)
- emerges thru conjoing tendon by or at _______ ring
- ____ to inferior epigastric vv
- usually does not enter scrotum or labia majora
- more common in men than women
- usually associated w/ weakened abdominal wall
triangle
superficial
medial
Femoral Hernia:
- thru ____ ring and canal
- ____ compartment of sheath
- more common in females than males (ring is wider)
femoral
medial
Umbilical Hernia:
- thru _____ ring
- most common in ______
- more common in females and obese individuals
umbilical
newborns
Epigastric Hernia:
- thru ____ ___
- most common in over ____
- usually associated w/ obesity
linea alba
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