antenatal screening Flashcards
define screening
Screening is a process of identifying apparently healthy people who may be at increased risk of a disease or condition
why do we screen three main points
Identify high risk group for diagnostic testing
• Counsel about risk of disease being present
• Offer treatment or prevention
what are the drawbacks of screening
false positives and negatives
harm from screening or further testing
cost
to screen for disease what does the disease have to be like, it’s characteristics
have a detectable latent or early phase, must be an important health condition, an acceptable treatment exists
what is the criteria for a good screening test for a disease
- Valid and reliable
- Acceptable to population
- Cost is proportionate to medical care as a whole
who is offered screening for sickle cell anaemia and thalassaemia
in high incidence population everyone, in low incidence population ethnic minority
when does screening for sickle cell and thalassaemia occur and how is it performed
blood test and pre conception to ten weeks
if screening test is positive for sickle cell thalassaemia what do you do next
test partner, or prenatal diagnosis, amniocentesis
what do you do if screening shows baby has sickle cell or thalassaemia
early specialist care, termination
what infectious diseases are screened for in pregnant women and baby
HIV HEPB SYPHILLIS
how gets screened for infectious disease when pregnant
all women
how is screening for infectious disease done
serology (looking in serum for antibodies)
if pregnant mother test positive for syphilis what do you do
maternal treatment to prevent child transmission
if pregnant mother test positive for hiv what do you do
Maternal treatment • High risk antenatal care • Prevent transmission to neonate
if pregnant mother test positive for hep b what do you do
Changes antenatal care prevent transmission • Neonate receives vaccine
