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GI Midterm > Ant. Abdominal Wall & Inguinal Region > Flashcards

Ant. Abdominal Wall & Inguinal Region Flashcards

1
Q

Subcostal Plane

A

10th costal cartilage

superior border of L3

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2
Q

Transtubercular Plane

A

tubercles of the iliac crests

body of L5

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3
Q

Transumbilical Plane

A

L 3-4

similar to supracristal plane

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4
Q

Transpyloric Plane

A

T 12 - L1
half way b/w the jugular notch and the pubic symphysis
goes through the pyloric part of the stomach which is fixed

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5
Q

Midclavicular Plane

A

midpoint of clavicle

midinguinal point

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6
Q

Midsagittal (median) Plane

A

linea alba

passes through umbilicus

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7
Q

R.U.Q

A 
gallbladder
duodenum 
R pleura
liver (R lobe) 
R kidney
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8
Q

L.U.Q.

A 
spleen
stomach
L pleura
tail of the pancreas
L kidney
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9
Q

R.L.Q.

A

R ureter
cecum
ilial diverticulum
veriform appendix

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10
Q

L.L.Q

A

L ureter

Descending and sigmoid colon

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11
Q

Superficial Inguinal Ring

A

medial crus
lateral crus
intercrual fibers

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12
Q

External abdominal oblique m.

A

fibers run inferiomedially
aponeuroisis meet to form the linea alba
contributes to the inguinal ligament

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13
Q

Lacunar ligament

A

extension of inguinal ligament, triangular shaped, apex at pubic tubercle, base is concave, lateral and sharp

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14
Q

Pectineal ligament

A

lateral-posterior extension of the lacunar ligament that runs along the pectineal line

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15
Q

Internal abdominal oblique m.

A

fibers run superomedially
cremaster m. is from the internal oblique layer
helps form the conjoint tendon

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16
Q

Transverse Abdominis m.

A

fibers run horizontally
helps form the conjoint tendon
nerves and vessels run b/w internal abdominal oblique and transversus abdominis m.

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17
Q

Rectus abdominis m.

A

fibers run vertically
tendinous intersections perpendicular to fiber which increase strength
enclosed in rectus sheath

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18
Q

Pyramidalis m.

A

attaches to the pubic crest

tenses linea alba

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19
Q

Movement Actions of anterior abdominal wall m.

A

flex trunk anteriorly
laterally flex the trunk
rotate the trunk

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20
Q

Other Actions of anterior abdominal wall m.

A

assist in respiration
important in valsalva maneuver
act during coughing, sneezing, urination, defecation, vomiting, and parturition

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21
Q

Campers fascia

A

most superficial
fatty layer
superficial blood vessels run through
continuous with superficial fatty layers in thorax, thigh, and perineum

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22
Q

Scarpa’s fascia

A

deep superficial
membranous layer
continuous with fascia lata and deep perineal fascia

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23
Q

Deep fascia

A

holds structures

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24
Q

Rectus Sheath

A 
formed from fascia of 
external abdominal oblique 
internal abdominal oblique 
transversus abdominis 
encloses the rectus abdominis and pyramidalis m.
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25
Rectus Sheath above arcuate line
anterior - external oblique and anterior portion of internal oblique posterior - posterior portion of internal oblique and transversus abdominis
26
Rectus Sheath below arcuate line
anterior - external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis posterior - none
27
Transversalis fascia
lies on deep surface of ransversus abdominis m. and aponeruosis
28
Linea alba
anterior midline where aponeurotic fibers for the rectus sheath interlace
29
Layers of abdominal wall in order
``` Skin Campers fascia Scarpas fascia anterior rectus sheath rectus abdominis m. posterior rectus sheath transversalis fascia extra peritoneal CT and fat peritoneum ```
30
superior epigastric a.
origin - internal throacic a. distribution - upper central anterior abdominal wall location - enters rectus sheath beneath costal marginal
31
inferior epigastic a.
origin - external iliac a. distribution - rectus abdominal m. deep abdominal wall of P & U region location - enters rectus sheath at arcuate line
32
musculophrenic a.
origin - internal thoracic a. distribution - abdominal wall & diaphragm location - runs along costal margin
33
10-11 posterior intercostal a.
origin - thoracic aorta distribution - superior & deep abdominal wall, lateral region location - enters rectus sheath laterally
34
deep circumflex iliac a.
origin - external iliac a. distribution - deep inguinal region & lower lateral abdominal wall location - deep of inguinal ligament toward ASIS
35
superficial circumflex iliac a.
origin - femoral a. distribution - superior abdominal wall of I region & adjacent anterior thigh location - iliac region
36
superficial epigastric a.
origin - femoral a. distribution - superior abdominal wall of P region & inferior U region location - umbilical region
37
Deep venous drainage
within abdominal wall m. along with arteries to subclavian v. to external iliac v. to lumbar & intercostal v.
38
Superficial venous drainage
within campers fascia thoracoepigastic v. lateral thoracic v. superficial epigastric v.
39
Thoraco-abdominal n.
origin - continuation of lower intercostal n. distribution - m. of anterolateral abdominal wall and skin branches - lateral cutaneous branch, anterior cutaneous branch
40
Iliohypogastric n.
origin - superior anterior ramus L1 | distribution - inn. anterolateral abdominal mm, suprapubic regions
41
Ilioinguinal n.
origin - inferior anterior ramus L1 distribution - skin of groin & scrotum/labium majus location - enters inguinal canal
42
Genitofemoral n.
origin - anterior ramus L1-L2 distribution - innervation of cremaster m. or labium majoris, skin of thigh branches - w/in psoas m. genital & femoral n.
43
Umbilical hernias in infants
scar of umbilicus does not heal completely | heal with time
44
Umbilical hernias in adults
weakend abdominal wall around umbilicus more common in women require surgical repair
45
Epigastric hernias
herniations protrude through the linea alba | repaired surgically
46
Incisional hernias
occur at surgical site
47
Spingelian hernias
hernia at semi lunar line of anterior rectus sheath
48
Inguinal Canal
floor - inguinal ligament & lacunar ligament roof - internal abdominal oblique fibers anterior wall - external abdominal oblique posterior wall - transversalis fascia and conjoint tendon
49
Layers of inguinal canal (superficial to deep)
external abdominal oblique m. internal abdominal oblique m. transversus abdminis m.
50
Descent of the testes process
develop from mesoderm in upper lumbar/lower throacic region 7th month testes reach inguinal ring and processus vaginalis develops testes move through inguinal canal gubernaculum pulls testes into scrotum tetes move posterior to processus vaginalis and it closes off to make the tunica vaginalis
51
cryptorchidism
undescended testes
52
hydroceles
fluid in tunica vaginalis
53
hematocele
blood in tunica vaginalis
54
Abdominal wall - subcutaneous tissue
scrotum - dartos fascia and m.
55
Abdominal wall - external oblique m and fascia
scrotum - external spermatic fascia
56
Abdominal wall - internal oblique m
scrotum - cremaster m.
57
Abdominal wall - fascia of superficial and deep surfaces of internal oblique m.
scrotum - cremasteric fascia
58
Abdominal wall - transversalis fascia
scrotum - inernal spermaitc fascia
59
Abdominal wall - peritoneum
scrotum - tunica vaginalis and vestige processus vaginalis
60
Descent of the ovaries
descend into pelvis | gubernaculum forms round ligament of ovary and uterus
61
Contents of spermatic fasica
``` a. of ductus deferens testicular a. ductus deferens pampiniform plexus of veins lymphatics ```
62
femoral hernias
exit abdomen through femoral canal inferior to inguinal ligament
63
direct inguinal hernias
the neck of the hernial sac is medial to the inferior epigastic a.
64
indirect inguinal hernias
the neck of the hernial sac lies lateral to the inferior epigastric artery
65
Contents of female inguinal canal
round ligament of uterus ilioinguinal n. genital branch of genitofemoral n.
66
Contents of male inguinal canal
``` ductus deferens ilioinguinal n. genital branch of genitofemoral n. testicular artery pampiniform plexus of vein ```

GI Midterm (11 decks)

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