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COM - Cardiopulmonary > ANS - Karius > Flashcards

ANS - Karius Flashcards

1
Q

where do PS pre-ganglionic axons leave the CNS?

A

cranial

sacral

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2
Q

where are ganglia located in the PS system?

A

on or near target organs

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3
Q

describe pre and post-ganglionic fibers

A

Long Pre

short post

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4
Q

where do Sympathetic pre-ganglionic axons leave CNS?

A

thoracic

lumbar

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5
Q

where are ganglia located in Sympathetic?

A

sympathetic chain

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6
Q

describe length of pre/post sympathetic fibers

A

short pre

LONG post

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7
Q

what nt is released by the pre-ganglionic PS system?

what is the receptor?

A

Ach

nAchR

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8
Q

what nt does the PS post-ganglionic cell release?

A

Ach

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9
Q

what is special about PS nt release?

A

varicosities are not protected, therefore leakage of NT into systemic circulation

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10
Q

what kind of receptor is located on effector organ?

what type of receptor is it?

A

muscarinic receptor

GPCR

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11
Q

what does a M2 receptor do?

what is it coupled to and what happens?

A

cardiac

Gi coupled, DEC cAMP and INC K+

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12
Q

what does M3 receptor do?
what is it coupled to?
what is its effect?

A

glandular tissue
Gq
INC IP3 and DAG, INC intracellular Ca

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13
Q

what do M4 receptors do?
what is it coupled to?
what is the effect?

A

autoreceptors on neurons
Gi (inhibit adenylate cyclase)
Dec cAMP –> DEC Ach release

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14
Q

what is the Sympathetic pre-ganglionic nt?

what is its receptor on the post-ganglionic?

A

Ach

nAchR (alpha or beta-adrenergic)

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15
Q

what nt is released in the Sympathetic post-ganglionic fiber?

A

NE

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16
Q

do alpha-adrenergic receptors have a higher affinity for Epi or NE?

A

NE

17
Q

what are the types of alpha-adrenergic receptors and what do they do?

A

a,b,d

INC IP3 and DAG, DEC K+
Gq coupled

18
Q

what do the Beta-adrenergic receptors do?

what nt do they have a higher affinity for?

A

INC cAMP (Gs coupled)

Epinephrine

19
Q

What produces epinephrine?

A

chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla

20
Q

how is epinephrine formed in the adrenal medulla?

A

dopamine –> norepi –> Epi

21
Q

the radial m. of the eye is what kind of receptor?

contraction of the m. leads to what?

A

alpha-adrenergic

dilation of pupil

22
Q

the ciliary m. of the lens is what kind of receptor?
upon symp. activation what happens?
what does this allow?

A

beta2-adrenergic
relaxation of m. –> flattening of lens
far vision

23
Q

what receptors are located in the heart?

upon symp. activation what happens?

A

Beta1 and 2-adrenergic

INC HR and strength of contraction

24
Q

generally speaking, what causes relaxation of vascular smooth m. and what causes contraction?

A

Beta receptors

alpha receptors

25
Q

what arterial systems only have alpha receptors?

A

skin and mucosa
salivary glands
brain

26
Q

what kind of receptors on bronchial mooth m.?

upon symp activation what happens?

A

beta2 receptors

smooth m. relaxation and bronchodilation

27
Q

what kind of receptors in bronchial glands and what do they do to secretion?

A

alpha1 DEC secretion

Beta2 INC secretion

28
Q

what kind of receptors on digestive tract for motility?

A

alpha1 and beta receptors

29
Q

what kind of receptor causes contraction of sphincter muscles?

A

alpha1

30
Q

what kind of receptors DEC. secretion in gut?

A

alpha2

31
Q

what kind of receptors located on liver?

what happens during Symp stimulation?

A

alpha1 and beta2

INC glycogenolysis to release glucose

32
Q

what kind of receptors on adipose tissue?

what happens upon symp. stimulation

A

alpha1, beta1 and beta3

increase lipolysis

33
Q

How does the PS system act?

A

via muscarinic receptors

34
Q

where are no muscarinic receptors present?

A

abdominal viscera, kidneys, and veins

35
Q

what does the ANS control?

A

smooth m.
blood flow
secretion from glands

COM - Cardiopulmonary (12 decks)

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