ANS

Question 1

The ____ acts as a control system. It’s also referred to as the visceral nervous system or _______ nervous system.

Answer 1

ANS (maintains homeostasis); Involuntary

Question 2

The ____________ and brain stem regulate ANS reflexes

Answer 2

hypothalamus

Question 3

_______ _______ neurons in visceral organs & blood vessels propagate into integrating centers in the _______.

Answer 3

Autonomic Sensory Neurons (afferent); CNS - - - S.A.M.E. - Main input to ANS is Sensory.

Question 4

________ _________ neurons regulate the activity of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and _______

Answer 4

Autonomic Motor Neurons (efferent); Glands - - - S.A.M.E

Question 5

The ______ _______ is a network of nerves & ganglia within the wall if the GI tract

Answer 5

Enteric Division

Question 6

Heart rate, Breathing, Swallowing (deglutition) and Sexual arousal are all affected by _____ but have some degree of conscious control

Answer 6

ANS (Involuntary)

Question 7

The ____ affects digestion, respiratory rate, salivation, perspiration, pupillary dilation, and micturition.

Answer 7

ANS ( involuntary)

Question 8

The ANS is subdivided into 2 subsystems: __________ & the _______. 1 activates a physiological response and the other inhibits it.

Answer 8

PSNS - Parasympathetic nervous system (rest or digest) and SNS Sympathetic Nervous System (fight or flight)

Question 9

T/F Tissue innervated by the ANS often continue to Fx to some extent even if their nerve supply is damaged

Answer 9

True

Question 10

T/F Most organs have dual inervation

Answer 10

True, both PSNS and SNS (for excitation and inhibition impulses)

Question 11

The majority of the nerves from parasympathetic division are directed towards smooth muscle and glands from _____ and ______ tracts

Answer 11

GI & Respiratory tracts (conserves energy and replenishes nutrients)

Question 12

The ANS requires a sequential ___-neuron efferent pathway. 1. _______ cell bodies are located in brain or spinal cord and 2. _______ is located entirely in PNS

Answer 12

2-neuron; preganglionic (exits via CNS cranial or spinal nerve); postganglionic (PNS entirely)

Question 13

The sympathetic division cell bodies is located between lateral horns of ____ - ____ lumbar segments

Answer 13

12 thoracic - L2/L3 lumbar segments, thoracolumbar outflow (axons)

Question 14

The Parasympathetic division is located in a __________ division.

Answer 14

Craniosacral (III, VII, IX, & X - lat. gray matter of 2nd-4th sacral segments)

Question 15

_______ ________ are the sites of synapse btwn sympathetic preganglionic & postganglionic neurons. The _____ ____ ______ innervate organs above the diaphragm (head, neck, heart) and the ______ _______ innervate organs below the diaphragm.

Answer 15

Sympathetic ganglia; Sympathetic trunk ganglia (lie on either side of vertebral columns - base of skull to coccyx); Prevertebral ganglia (lie anterior to vertebral column)

Question 16

The site of synapse btwn preganglionic parasympathetic & postganglionic neurons in the terminal ganglia is the _______ _______

Answer 16

Parasympathetic ganglia

Question 17

Autonomic plexus in the Thorax; The Cardiac plexus innervates the _____

Answer 17

Heart

Question 18

Autonomic plexus in the Thorax; The Pulmonary plexus innervates the _____ _____

Answer 18

bronchial tree

Question 19

Autonomic plexus in the Ab/Pelvis; Celiac plexus innervates the ____, ____, pancreas, liver, gb, kidneys, adrenal medulla, testes & ovaries

Answer 19

Spleen, Stomach, etc

Question 20

Autonomic plexus in the Ab/Pelvis; Superior mesenteric plexus innervates the ______ & _____ ______

Answer 20

small & large intestines

Question 21

Autonomic plexus in the Ab/Pelvis; Inferior mesenteric plexus innervates the _____ ______

Answer 21

large intestine

Question 22

Autonomic plexus in the Ab/Pelvis; Hypogastric plexus innervates the ______ ______

Answer 22

pelvic viscera (below stomach)

Question 23

Autonomic plexus in the Ab/Pelvis; Renal plexus innervates the _____ _____ within the ______ & ______

Answer 23

renal arteries within the kidneys and ureters

Question 24

Sympathetic Trunk Ganglia include a _______, ________, ______ and _______ portion

Answer 24

cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral portion

Question 25

Preganglionic neurons originate from CN’s ___, ____, ___ & ____ as well as the sacral spinal nerves ______

Answer 25

CN’s III, VII, IX, X; S2-4

Question 26

Cholinergic receptors bind with ______

Answer 26

Ach/Acetylcholine (two types - Nicotinic and Muscarinic receptors)

Question 27

Most sympathetic postganglionic neurons are _______ and release noripinephrine/noradrenilin

Answer 27

Adrenergic (two types - alpha and beta receptors)

Question 28

Preganglionic neurons come from the _____ or _____ ____ and postganglionic neurons go to the effector cell, _____ _____, ______ or ______

Answer 28

brain or spinal cord; smooth muscle, heart or gland

Question 29

Autonomic tone is regulated by the _________

Answer 29

hypothalamus

Question 30

The ANS receives input from the _____ ______

Answer 30

limbic system