ANS 1

Question 1

CNS is the

Answer 1

brain and spinal cord

Question 2

PNS is comprised of what two systems

Answer 2

Afferent and Efferent

Question 3

The Afferent Sensory system is made up of

Answer 3

general and special senses

Question 4

The Efferent motor system is

Answer 4

divided into the somatic and autonomic nervous system

Question 5

The somatic system controls

Answer 5

Skeletal muscles

Question 6

The Autonomic nervous system control

Answer 6

Smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, glands

Question 7

The autonomic nervous system operates with conscious or unconscious control?

Answer 7

Unconscious

Question 8

The ANS is responsible for coordinating processes that

Answer 8

maintain homeostasis

Question 9

The ANS is divded into

Answer 9

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic divisions

Question 10

The sympathetic division of the ANS

Answer 10

uses energy
dominant in conditions of physical or emotional stress
“fight or flight”

Question 11

The parasympathetic division of the ANS

Answer 11

Conserves and restores energy
Dominant control during rest
“Rest and digest”

Question 12

What are the effectors with dual innervation?

Answer 12

Heart
Pupils
Digestive tract
Bronchioles

Question 13

Define dual innervation

Answer 13

An effector innervated with both sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation

Question 14

How do sympathetic and parasympathetic systems effect the heart

Answer 14

Sympathetic increases heart rate

Parasympathetic decreases heart rate

Question 15

How do sympathetic and parasympathetic systems effect the pupils

Answer 15

Sympathetic dilates pupils

Parasympathetic constricts pupils

Question 16

How do sympathetic and parasympathetic systems effect the digestive tract

Answer 16

Sympathetic decreases motility and secretions

Parasympathetic increases motility and secretions

Question 17

How do sympathetic and parasympathetic systems effect the bronchioles?

Answer 17

Sympathetic dilates airways

Parasympathetic constricts airways

Question 18

What effectors have sympathetic input only?

Answer 18

Sweat glands
Arrector Pili muscles
Blood vessels of skin, skeletal muscle, heart, lungs, brain, digestive viscera, and kidney

Question 19

How does sympathetic activity effect sweat glands?

Answer 19

Increased secretion

Question 20

How does sympathetic activity effect arrector pili muscles?

Answer 20

contraction

Question 21

How does sympathetic activity effect blood vessels of skin skeletal muscle, heart, lungs, and brain?

Answer 21

Dilation

Question 22

How does sympathetic activity effect blood vessels of digestive viscera and kidney?

Answer 22

Constriction

Question 23

What effectors have only parasympathetic input?

Answer 23

Lacrimal glands

Question 24

How does parasympathetic activity effect lacrimal glands?

Answer 24

Increased secretion

Question 25

The efferent pathway is a ____ neuron pathway

Answer 25

Two

Question 26

Describe cell communication in the efferent pathway

Answer 26

Motor neurons in CNS send preganglionic axons to synapse on autonomic ganglia in PNS. These ganglia send postganglionic axons to synapse on effector

Question 27

Describe the structure of the Sympathetic pathway

Answer 27

Thoraco-lumbar division Preganglionic cell body in T1-T2 Ganglion closer to CNS Have: sympathetic chain ganglia, collateral ganglia, adrenal medulla

Question 28

Describe the structure of the parasympathetic pathway

Answer 28

``` Cranio-sacral division Preganglionic axon longer Ganglion near or in effector organ Postganglionic axon short Preganglionic cell body in Cranial nerves and S2, S3, and S4 ```

Question 29

Define sympathetic chain ganglia

Answer 29

2 chains of ganglia, one on each side of vertebral column, innervate head, body wall, limbs, and viscera of thoracic cavity

Question 30

Define collateral ganglia

Answer 30

Close to abdominal argeries Pass through chain ganglia and form splanchnic nerves Innervated abdominal and pelvic viscera

Question 31

Sympathetic activation of the collateral ganglia

Answer 31

decreases blood flow and releases stored energy molecules

Question 32

Define adrenal medulla

Answer 32

Central portion of adrenal gland | Postganglionic cells are modified neurons that secrete into blood rather than onto effectors

Question 33

The parasympathetic division has preganglionic neurons in

Answer 33

the brainstem and sacral segments of spinal cord