Ankle Joint

Question 1

How do the phalanges of the hallux differ from the other phalanges?

Answer 1

There are only 2 cf to 3

Question 1

What are the borders of the talocrural joint?

Answer 1

Medial and lateral malleoli

Inferior transverse ligament posteriorly

Question 1

What type of joints are the TCN and subtalar joint?

Answer 1

Ball and socket

Question 2

What is another name for the great toe?

Answer 2

Hallux

Question 3

Which bones make up the TCN and subtalar joint?

Answer 3

The talus

Calcaneus

Navicular

Question 4

Which bones are joined in the Lisfranc joint?

Answer 4

Tarsal and metatarsal

Question 5

Why is the second metatarsal the most common to be fractured?

Answer 5

It’s the longest and thinnest

The base is wedged between its adjacent bones

Question 6

What attaches to the tibial tuberosity?

Answer 6

The patellar tendon

Question 7

Is the foot in inversion or eversion when running?

Answer 7

Eversion

Question 8

What type of joint is the superior tibiofibular joint?

Answer 8

Synovial

Question 8

Why is the axis of movement at the ankle joint oblique?

Answer 8

Because the lateral malleolus is longer

Question 9

What does the plantar aponeurosis joint?

Answer 9

The calcaneus and the metatarsal heads

Question 10

How many arches are there in the foot?

Answer 10

3 - 2 longitudinal, 1 transverse

Question 12

What type of joint is the inferior tibiofibular joint?

Answer 12

Fibrous

Question 13

Why is the ankle more stable in dorsiflexion?

Answer 13

Because the articular surface of the talus is wider anteriorly - therefore wedges into the joint more

Question 15

What is the name of the structure formed by the inferior tibiofibular joint?

Answer 15

Malleolar mortise

Question 16

Why does swelling spread anterior in the ankle joint?

Answer 16

Because the capsule attaches fairly anterior on the neck of the talus

Question 16

What is the sinus tarsi?

Answer 16

A gap between the subtalar and TCN joint - the interosseous ligament runs between it and the run supply of the talus

Question 18

What are the important boney structures at the head of the tibia?

Answer 18

The lateral and medial condyles

The intercondylar eminence

Question 20

What movement occurs at the talocrural joint?

Answer 20

Dorsi and plantar flexion

Question 21

What are the ligaments of the medial aspect of the ankle joint?

Answer 21

The deltoid ligament

The plantar calcaneonavicular ligament aka spring ligament

Question 22

What are the names of the ligaments that stabilise the superior tibiofibular joint?

Answer 22

Anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments

Question 23

Which tarsal is the most important in the ankle joint?

Answer 23

The talus

Question 24

Why is the talus susceptible to necrosis?

Answer 24

It doesn’t receive blood for muscle as none attach to it

If the neck of the talus is broken it can lose blood supply

Question 25

Which ligament is most commonly damaged in a inversion sprain?

Answer 25

Lateral collateral ligaments - particularly the anterior talofibular ligament

Question 26

At which joints does inversion and eversion of the foot occur?

Answer 26

TCN and subtalar joint

Question 27

Why is the fibula so vascular?

Answer 27

The many muscle attachments provide their blood supply

Question 28

What malleolus extends more distal?

Answer 28

Lateral

Question 29

Where do you find the soleal line? How does it appear?

Answer 29

Post. aspect of the tibia

Runs inferio-medially from the proximal tibial-fibula joint

Question 30

What are tarsal bones?

Answer 30

Talus

Calcaneus

Cuboid

Navicular

3x Cuneiform