Ankle Joint Flashcards
Name and classify
Synovial hinge joint
Bones
Tibia - medial malleolus
Fibula - lateral malleolus
Talus
Cartilage
Hyaline cartilage - friction free movement and shock absorbing
Additional features
Bursa
Retinaculum
Capsule
Attached to articular margins
Strengthened by collateral ligaments
Synovial membrane
Lines the capsule
Synovial fluid - nourishes cartilage, removes water and reduces friction
Ligaments
Laterally - anterior and posterior talofibular ligaments, calcaneofibular ligament
Medially - deltoid ligaments: tibiotalor, tibiocalcaneal and tibionavicular ligaments
Degrees of freedom
One
Movements
Plantar flexion
Dorsiflexion
Blood supply
Anterior and posterior tibial arteries
Nerve supply
Branches of tibial and deep peroneal nerves
Muscles - flexors
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Tibialis posterior
Flexor Digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus
Muscles - extensors
Tibialis anterior
Extensor Digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus
Peroneus tertius
