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Primary Eye and Vision Care > Anisometropia and Aniseikonia > Flashcards

Anisometropia and Aniseikonia Flashcards

1
Q

A condition in which the refractive status of one eye differs from that the other.

A

Anisometropia

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2
Q

The condition in which the refractive status is equal in the two eyes.

A

Isometropia

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3
Q

A form of anisometropia in which one eye is myopic and the other hyperopic.

A

Antimetropia

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4
Q

Different amount of the same error of refraction.

A

Anisometropia

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5
Q

Different type of errors such as hyperopia vs. myopia or spherical vs. astigmatic.

A

Antimetropia

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6
Q

This occurs because of differential growth of the eyeball of both eyes. It is hereditary in origin.

A

Congenital Anisometropia

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7
Q

Created by trauma, pathology or the results of systemic changes.

A

Acquired Anisometropia

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8
Q

It is a condition in which the refractive power of the two eyes is unequal.

A

Absolute anisometropia

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9
Q

It is that type of refractive anomaly in which although the total refraction of the two eyes is equal, the component elements in each show relatively large differences. In other words, the total refraction of the two eyes can be equal, but the axial length may be different.

A

Relative anisometropia

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10
Q

In this, one eye is normal and the other is either hypermetropic or myopic.

A

Simple

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11
Q

In this, both eyes are ametropic either hyperopic or myopic, but one eye has a higher refractive error.

A

Compound

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12
Q

In this both eyes are ametropic. One eye is hyperopic and the other is myopic. This is called antimetropia.

A

Mixed

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13
Q

When one eye is normal and the other has either myopic or hyperopic astigmatism.

A

Simple Astigmatic Anisometropia

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14
Q

When both eyes are astigmatic but of unequal degree.

A

Compound Astigmatic Anisometropia

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15
Q

In small degrees of anisometropia , ____________ occurs. If there is a difference of more than 5D between the two eyes, the patient loses binocularity.

A

Binocular Vision

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16
Q

If the anisometropia is high and the eyes have a good visual acuity, the patient gets into the habit of using the hypermetropic eye for distance and the myopic eye for near vision.

A

Alternating Vision

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17
Q

If the defect in one eye is high and if its visual acuity is not good, the eye can be excluded altogether from vision and the eye becomes amblyopic.

A

Amblyopia

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18
Q

A concomitant convergent squint occurs in children with the eye having the defect becoming convergent.

A

Strabismus

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19
Q

This is commonly referred to as lazy eye. This is when a child has reduced vision in one of their eyes because during childhood they have not used that eye adequately.

A

Amblyopia

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20
Q

This is when a person is not able to align both of their eyes under normal conditions simultaneously and is referred as being cross eyed.

A

Strabismus

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21
Q

This is when a person has double vision

A

Diplopia

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22
Q

A clinical test mainly used for assessing a patient’s degree of “binocular vision” and “binocular single vision”.

A

Worth Four Light Test

23
Q

Test for suppression

A

Worth-4-dot test

24
Q

Tests for amblyopia

A

LEA Vision Test System

25
Q

A red reflex is when light is transmitted through the transparent portions of the eye and reflects off the retina, creating a reddish orange reflection in the eyes.
Because ____________ technology, called photo screening, creates a digital red reflex image of the eye, anisometropia would normally be detected.

A

iScreen Vision

26
Q

It is a binocular condition, so the image in one
eye is perceived as different in size compared to
the image in the other eye.

A

Aniseikonia

27
Q

Greek: “unequal images”

A

Aniseikonia

28
Q

Commented upon the probability of unequal image sizes. (1864)

A

Donders

29
Q

Discussed the possibility (1903)

A

C.Hess

30
Q

Designed iseikonic lenses for aniseikonia

A

Von Rohr

31
Q

Condition in which the size and shape of the ocular images are equal

A

Iseikonia

32
Q

Condition in which ocular images are unequal in size and shape

A

Aniseikonia

33
Q

Lenses which correct aniseikonia and include also the correction of refractive error.

A

Iseikonic Lenses

34
Q
  • eyes are gazing in a certain direction

- images are different in size

A

Static Aniseikonia

35
Q

-(optically induced) anisophoria

-eyes have to rotate a different amount to gaze at
the same point in space

A

Dynamic Aniseikonia

36
Q

The size of one ocular image is symmetrically larger that the other.

A

Overall Symmetrical

37
Q

The size of one ocular image is symmetrically larger that the other in one meridian only

A

Meridional Symmetrical

38
Q

Combination of overall and meridional is manifested.

A

Compound Symmetrical

39
Q

Variation in size differ from different positions of

the visual field

A

Asymmetrical

40
Q

Image distortion increases progressively in both directions

A

Pincushion

41
Q

Image distortion decreases progressively in both directions

A

Barrel

42
Q

Image difference increases progressively in one direction

A

Prismatic

43
Q

Image size remains the same but there occurs an oblique distortion of shape.

A

Oblique

44
Q

Asymmetric convergence and stereoscopic disparities exists as when viewing the object located to one side.

A

Normal

45
Q
  • Pincushion or Barrel

- Ever increasing magnification towards the apex of a prism.

A

Abnormal Asymmetric

46
Q
  • Overall
  • Meridional
  • Compound
A

Abnormal Symmetric

47
Q

Based on binocular space perception

A

SPACE EIKONOMETRIC METHOD

48
Q

Based on directly comparing perceived image sizes between the two eyes

A

DIRECT COMPARISON METHOD

49
Q

Instrument for measuring aniseikonia.

A

Space Eikonometer

50
Q

The space eikonometer is based on a

modification of _________.

A

Stereopsis

51
Q

The Awaya test for Aniseikonia provides a manual method to detect and calibrate the Aniseikonic condition.

A

New Aniseikonia Test

52
Q

_________ separates the right and left eye

images for comparison.

A

Red/Green

53
Q
  • the _______________ is an easy-to-use Windows software program to test the aniseikonia of a patient.
  • use of red-green glasses
A

Basic Aniseikonia Test (version 1)

54
Q

A Windows software program for the clinical management of aniseikonia. It contains:

  • an advanced aniseikonic test
  • a design tool to calculate corecting prescriptions (aniseikonia and anisophoria corrections)
A

Aniseikonia Inspector (version 3)

Primary Eye and Vision Care (4 decks)

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