Animals

Question 1

How do animals get energy

Answer 1

Heterotrophic. Must ingest other living things to acquire organic molecules and energy

Question 2

Development of germ layers

Answer 2

Ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm.

Question 3

Ectoderm

Answer 3

Outer layer. Body covering and nervous system

Question 4

Mesoderm

Answer 4

Middle layer, skeleton and muscles

Question 5

Endoderm

Answer 5

Inner layer. Digestive system

Question 6

Body radical symmetry

Answer 6

Any plane through a central axis divides the animal into roughly equal halves. (Jelly fish)

Question 7

Bilateral body symmetry

Answer 7

Symmetrical animal that can be divided into roughly mirror image halves only along one particular plane through the central axis ( scorpion)

Question 8

Asymmetry body

Answer 8

No particular body shape

Question 9

Body cavity

Answer 9

Fluid filled space surrounded by mesoderm tissue that is formed during development

Question 10

Acoelomate

Answer 10

No body cavity

Flat worms

Question 11

Pseudocoelomate

Answer 11

Body cavity between mesoderm and endoderm

Pseudocoelom- body cavity

Roundworms

Question 12

Coelomate

Answer 12

Body cavity entirely within the mesoderm. Lined with peritoneum (muscle layer)

Coelom- body cavity

Chordates, annelids

Question 13

Animals kingdom

Answer 13

Animalia

Question 14

Protostome early development

Answer 14

First embryonic opening becomes the mouth. Mouth forms first

Annelids, arthropods

Question 15

Deuterostome early development

Answer 15

Second embryonic opening becomes the mouth. The anus forms first

Chordate a

Question 16

Invertebrates

Answer 16

Absence of backbones.

Sponges, nidarians, flatworms, roundworms, annelids, Echinoderms,

Question 17

Vertebrates

Answer 17

Presence of backbone.

Chordates

Question 18

Sponges

Answer 18

Phylum- Porifera.

Live in marine environment
No movement
Lack tissue but cellular organization
Asexual reproduction (fragmentation or budding)

Question 19

Pores on sponges

Answer 19

Pores are located on the outer surface of the sponge. Allows h2o to enter.

Question 20

How does water flow through sponges

Answer 20

Beating of flagella produces water current. Flows through pores into central cavity and out of osculum.

When water enters, o2 is extracted. Microorganism are filtered out and taken into individual cells where they are digested and waste releases.

H20 and water released through the osculum

Question 21

Cnidarians

Answer 21

Phylum- cnidaira

Body symmetry- radical
Lives in shallow marine waters
Tubular animals with tissues
Distinct tissues but lack organs

Jellyfish. Nerve net found throughout body

Question 22

Nematocysts

Answer 22

On tentacles of Cnidaria. Stinging organelles that inject toxins to capture prey. Toxins are sticky filaments, poisonous, and painful.

Question 23

How many openings in cnidarians

Answer 23

1. It leads to gastrovascular cavity. Site of digestion, site of gas exchange. Waste discharge, formation of gametes.

Question 24

Polyp

Answer 24

Cnidarian. Tube shaped. Attaches to rocks. Tentacles reach up

Question 25

Medusa

Answer 25

Bell shaped. Floats in water and is carried by currents

Question 26

Annelid

Answer 26

Phylum- Annelida
Protostome
Bilateral symmetry
Coelomate

Earthworms

Question 27

Segments

Answer 27

On annelids. Ring like depressions on the surface. Allows an animal to alter the shape of its body and control movements.

Question 28

Digestive tract in annelids

Answer 28

Closed and complete

Question 29

Circulatory in annelid

Answer 29

5 hearts

Question 30

Respiratory in annelids

Answer 30

Gas exchange by diffusion across body surface.

Question 31

Reproduction in annelids

Answer 31

Hermaphroditic. Two worms like in parallel to each other facing in opposite directions. Fused midbody segment secretes mucus.