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Year 1 Animal Health > Animal Treatments > Flashcards

Animal Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 routes of medicine administration

A
  • topical
  • Enternal
  • Parenteral
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2
Q

What is topical and give examples of the products

A

these are treatments that are applied to the surface of the body, such as the skin or eyes. These includes shampoos, lotions and creams

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3
Q

What is enternal and give examples of the products

A

these are treatments that pass through the oesophagus, stomach and intestines. It is a treatment which is given internally via the mouth or rectum

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4
Q

What is Parenteral and give examples of the products

A

These are treatments which are given internally via injections in the veins, skin or muscles

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5
Q

What does IV stand for

A

Intravenous

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6
Q

What does IM stand for

A

Intramuscular

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7
Q

What does SC stand for

A

Subcutaneous - under the skin

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8
Q

What does SID mean for the frequency of drug administration

A

once a day

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9
Q

What does BID mean for the frequency of drug administration

A

Twice a day

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10
Q

What does TID mean for the frequency of drug administration

A

three times a day

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11
Q

What does QID mean for the frequency of drug administration

A

four times a day

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12
Q

What does PRN mean for the frequency of drug administration

A

according to need

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13
Q

What does Qxh mean for the frequency of drug administration

A

Once every hour

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14
Q

What does Qxd mean for the frequency of drug administration

A

Once every day

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15
Q

Who is allowed to provide treatments

A
  • Vets
  • Pharmacists
  • SQPs (Suitably Qualified Persons)
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16
Q

What are the different categories of SQP’s

A
  • POM-V
  • POM- VPS
  • NFA - VPS
  • AVM - GSL
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17
Q

What are narcotics

A

a drug that dulls the senses and induces sleep

18
Q

What are psychotropics

A

a drug that affects mental state

19
Q

What does anaphylaxis mean

A

a servere allergic reaction that can lead to life threatening breathing difficulties

20
Q

What does pharmacovigilance

A

monitoring and evaluation of adverse reactions to medicine

21
Q

What are the 4 aims of first aid

A
  • to preserve life
  • to protect from further harm
  • reduce pain and suffering
  • promote recovery
22
Q

What are classed as minor first aid situations

A
  • superficial wounds (scratches and cuts)
  • mild heatstroke
  • minor allergies
  • insect bites or stings
23
Q

What are classed as Immediate first aid situations

A
  • any non- superficial wounds
  • bone fractures, dislocations and breaks
  • any wounds or problems with the eyes
24
Q

What are classed as Life- threatening first aid situations

A
  • poisoning
  • severe wounds
  • uncontrolled bleeding
  • severe allergic reaction
  • obstructions to the airway
  • severe breathing problems
  • weak pulse
  • animal is unconscious
25
Q

What to do in all cases

A
  • stay calm
  • get help as soon as possible by contacting a vet
  • ensure you are not putting yourself or others at further risk before taking Any action
  • Check that the airways are clear, that the animal is breathing, and that their circulation (pulse) is normal
  • Stop any bleeding
26
Q

What should be inside of a first aid box

A
  • Selection of bandages
  • Adhesive tape
  • Cotton wool
  • sterile dressing materials
  • rectal thermometer
  • tweezers
  • gloves
  • hand sanitiser
  • scissors
  • eye wash, antiseptic solution
  • carrier bag
  • blanket
  • poultice = applied to the skin to draw out infections. soft moist compound
27
Q

What should you do when an animal is in shock?

A
  • keep the animal warm
  • prevent any blood loss
  • keep the airways clear
  • keep the head lower than the body
28
Q

What should you do when an animal has been in a road traffic collision (RTC)

A
  • be careful when approaching as animal might bite if injured or distressed
  • Be calm, gentle and soothing with the animal
  • Check the A,B, C’s the airways, breathing and circulation
  • stop the bleeding
  • get a vet as soon as possible
29
Q

What should yo do if an animal has convulsions

A
  • remove any objects that might be causing the issue
  • keep noise to a minimum
  • try not to touch the animal
  • don’t put anything y the animals mouth
  • do not try to feed or give them water
  • if the seizures last longer than a few minutes then call a vet
30
Q

What are the A-B-C’s to check?

A
  • Airways - ensure the airway is not blocked
  • Breathing - if breathing has stopped be prepared to administer respiratory assistance
  • Circulation - Check the pulse and be prepared to administer chest compressions
31
Q

What should yo do if an animal has Fractures

A
  • keep the animal calm
  • try to stop bleeding if the bone has exited the skin
  • try stop the animal moving the affected bone
  • Do not try to reposition any bones
    Take them to the vets as soon as possible
32
Q

What should you do if an animal has Wounds

A
  • stop bleeding with a dressing
  • do not remove the dressing
  • if the wound is not bleeding clean the wound using an antiseptic and then over it
33
Q

What should yo do if an animal has dislocation a body part

A
  • try to stop the animal from moving
  • call a vet as asap
  • keep the animal calm
  • try not to reposition the bone
34
Q

What should yo do if an animal is chocking

A
  • restrain the animal and check the airway for any obvious blockages
  • if it still not clear grasp both hands just below the rib cage and pull them sharply towards you.
35
Q

What should yo do if an animal has poisoning

A
  • do not induce vomiting
  • keep the animal warm and comfortable
  • place in the recovery position
  • take to vet immediately
36
Q

What are the symptoms of poisoning

A
  • stomach pain
  • unsteady on feet
  • salivating
  • vomiting
  • slow capillary refill time
37
Q

What should yo do if an animal has burns and scalds

A
  • restrain the animal
  • cool the area by applying a cloth soaked in cold water
  • do not apply creams or ointments
  • do not break blisters
  • see a vet immediately
38
Q

What should yo do if an animal has bites and stings

A
  • try to remove the stings
  • apply ice or cold compress to sting for pain relief
39
Q

What should yo do if an animal has foreign bodies

A
  • do not remoce the item
  • reduce the size of the item so that it protrudes by only a few centimetres
  • restrict the movement of the animals
  • attempt to control any bleeding but do not push the object further into the skin
40
Q

What should yo do if an animal is haemorrhaging

A
  • place a clean absorbent dressing material onto the affected point
  • make sure there are no foreign bodies in the wound
  • hold onto dressing

Year 1 Animal Health (7 decks)

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