Animal Theme 3 Flashcards
Aquatic Environmental Challenges
Density of water
viscosity of water
lower oxygen content
high thermal conductance
Terrestrial Environmental Challenges
Desiccation
Temperature extremes
Excretion
Reproduction
Locomotion
Gas Exchange
Adaptations for Desiccation
Thick skin
Waxy cuticle
Produce Urine
Replace water loss
Aestivation
Life cycle
What organism uses Aestivation
African lungfish
What organism uses Parthenogenesis (Virgin Birth)
Rotifers
In what environmental condition does a Rotifer use asexual reproduction
Unstressed moist conditions
What are the adaptations to reproduce on land
Internal fertilization
Amniotic eggs
What adaptations were made for freeze tolerance
Ice nucleating proteins
life cycle stages
hibernation
Which organisms excrete ammonia
Most aquatic animals and most boney fish
Which organisms excrete Urea
Mammals, amphibians, sharks, and some boney fish
What organisms excrete Uric acid
birds, reptiles, insects and snails
What is the function of the tracheal system and which organisms use it
Gas exchange
Insects
How do the olfactory receptors detect scents?
Airborne molecules dissolve in fluid to reach action potential
Where and how do mosquitos smell
Hair like antennae
pores allow for the odor to enter and the fluid binds to receptors
What inner ear bone evolvent from the jaw
Stapes
Which organ allows grasshoppers to hear
Tympanal organ
What is the mechanism that allows vertebrates to hear
The vibration of the eardrums is conducted to the oval window
Fluctuations in ear bones translate air vibrations into liquid vibrations
How did organisms adapt visually to the transition to land
Eye size tripled, eyes shifted from the side of the head to the front
The speed of sound travels faster in ________
water
The speed of light travels slower in _______
water
What effect does compressibility have on sound
The more compressible the medium the faster the speed of sound
The less compressible the medium the slower the speed of sound
