Animal studies Flashcards
What are the two animal research studies?
Lorenz (Geese)
Harlow (Monkeys)
What was Lorenz’ aim?
To investigate the effects of imprinting on Goslings
What was Lorenz’ method?
Field experiment
What was Lorenz’ procedure?
Randomly divided goose eggs
Half of eggs hatched with mother, half in an incubator
Lorenz recorded behaviour of goslings
What did Lorenz identify from his research?
A critical period in which imprinting needs to take place
How long is the critical period?
12-17 hours after hatching
What did Lorenz suggest if imprinting did not occur?
Chicks would not attach to a mother figure
How did Lorenz know the chicks had imprinted on him?
They followed him around and attempted to mate with him (sexual imprinting)
Conclusion of Lorenz’ research?
Goslings imprint on the first moving object they see and they must do this within the critical period or they will not attach
What was Harlows aim?
To investigate whether food or comfort is more important in the formation of attachment
What was Harlows method?
Lab experiment
What was Harlows procedure?
monkeys separated from mothers and brought up in cages containing either a wire mother with milk and a cloth mother with milk
What was recorded in Harlows research?
Amount of time spent with mother
Who they would go to when frightened with a loud noise
Long term effects (sociability and relationships to future offspring)
What did Harlow find?
Monkeys spent more time with cloth mother than wire mother
When frightened they would go to the cloth mother
Later in life, the monkeys were more timid, had difficulty mating and were inadequate mothers
