animal responses

Question 1

what does the central nervous system consist of?

Answer 1

brain and spinal cord

Question 2

what does the peripheral nervous system consist of?

Answer 2

sensory and motor system

Question 3

what does the motor system break down into?

Answer 3

somatic and autonomic

Question 4

what does the autonomic system break down into?

Answer 4

parasympathetic and sympathetic

Question 5

what is the sensory system?

Answer 5

transfer electrical impulses from receptors to the CNS

Question 6

what is the motor system?

Answer 6

transfers electrical impulses from CNS to effectors

Question 7

how do dendrons enter the sensory nervous system

Answer 7

through the spinal nerves

Question 8

where are the cell bodies in the sensory nervous system?

Answer 8

dorsal root ganglion

Question 9

what connects the sensory neurones to other neurones in the CNS?

Answer 9

a short axon

Question 10

what is the somatic nervous system?

Answer 10

under conscious control. one single motor neurone from CNS to effector. gives a rapid response

Question 11

what is the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 11

self governing. at least two motor neurones from CNS to the effector. connections in swellings called ganglia

Question 12

are somatic neurones myelinated or non myelinated and why?

Answer 12

mostly myelinated so responses can be rapid

Question 13

are autonomic neurones myelinated or non myelinated and why?

Answer 13

non myelinated as responses do not need to be rapid

Question 14

give an example of muscles that are somatic

Answer 14

skeletal muscle

Question 15

give examples of autonomic responders

Answer 15

glands, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle

Question 16

what is the sympathetic system?

Answer 16

prepares for action

Question 17

what is the parasympathetic system?

Answer 17

conserves and absorbs energy

Question 18

give an example of sympathetic neurotransmitters

Answer 18

noradrenaline

Question 19

give an example of parasympathetic neurotransmitters

Answer 19

acetylcholine (Ach)

Question 20

what does the sympathetic system increase?

Answer 20

activity, heart rate, ventilation rate, pupil dilation

Question 21

what does the parasympathetic system increase/decrease?

Answer 21

decrease: activity, heart rate, ventilation rate
increase: digestive activity

Question 22

what connects the two hemispheres of the brain?

Answer 22

corpus callosum

Question 23

what are the four main structures of the brain?

Answer 23

cerebrum, cerebellum, hypothalmus, medulla oblongata

Question 24

what does the cerebrum do?

Answer 24

largest part, organises most higher thought processes e.g. conscious thought and memory

Question 25

what does the cerebellum do?

Answer 25

coordinates movement and balance

Question 26

what does the hypothalamus and pituatary complex do?

Answer 26

organises homeostatic responses and controls various physiological processes

Question 27

what does the medulla oblongata do?

Answer 27

co-ordinates many of the autonomic responses (e.g. breathing, heart rate)

Question 28

what is the cerebral cortex?

Answer 28

outermost layer (folded up so it fits inside your head)

Question 29

what are the three areas of the cerebrum?

Answer 29

sensory areas, association areas, motor areas