animal phyla

Question 1

hierarchy thinking origins of animal

Answer 1

plato and aristotle; scale of nature where humans on top with anatomical and intellectual complexity

resulted in scientists talking of ‘higher and lower animals’

Question 2

baron cuvier organization of animal kingdom

Answer 2

1812: based on morphology
- radiata
- articulata
- mollusca
- vertebrata

Question 3

articulata

Answer 3

animals with vody diveided into segements like insects and earthworns

Question 4

mollusca

Answer 4

animals with a shell and brain

Question 5

vertebrara

Answer 5

animals with bony sekeltons, muscular heart and red blood

Question 6

radiata

Answer 6

circular animals such as jellyfish and starfish

Question 7

charles darwin and afred russeel wallace theory; what does evolution explain?

Answer 7

evolution explains why every animal species has similarities with others and why groups of species with common features can be identified

Question 8

how are living things classified?

Answer 8

based on evolution reflecting natural order; statement of relatedness

Question 9

mesozoa split

Answer 9

split into the rhombozoa and orthonectida

Question 10

rhombozoa

Answer 10

tiny worm like parasites

Question 11

orthonectida

Answer 11

more tiny world like parasites living in urine of octobus and squid

Question 12

platyhelminth

Answer 12

flatworms, tape worms and flukes

• some species of these have been placed into acoelomoprha

Question 13

recent ‘new’ phyla

Answer 13

aceolomorpha and split of mesozoa into rhombozo and orthonectida

Question 14

loriceferia

Answer 14

miniturature urn shaped animals found in sand grains

Question 15

micrognathozoa

Answer 15

smaller animals found in freshwater spring in greenland c

Question 16

cyliophora

Answer 16

tiny animals in mouthparts of lobsters

Question 17

when are new phyla proposed? exmaples

Answer 17

• if totally new species found that dont match to any prexiexitng phyla
• e.g. cycliophora, loricifera, microghathozoa

Question 18

when are phyla lost? example

Answer 18

if its discovered that the whole group fits into anothe rphylum (merge of two groups into one)

e. g. giant tube worms or pognophorans (2 m long) turn out to be mofidified members of the Annelida
e. g. Pentastomida (tongue worms) turn out to be Arthopoda

Question 19

porifera

Answer 19

sponges

Question 20

cnidaria

Answer 20

jellyfish, coals, sea anemones

Question 21

arthoporda

Answer 21

insects, spiders, crabs, centipedes

Question 22

nematoda

Answer 22

roundworms

Question 23

annelids

Answer 23

earthworms, ragworms, leeches

Question 24

mollusca

Answer 24

snails, oysters, octopus

Question 25

platyhelminth

Answer 25

flatworms, flukes tapeworms

Question 26

echinodermata

Answer 26

starfish and sea urchins

Question 27

chordata

Answer 27

fish ,frogs, lizards, birds, mammals

Question 28

brysozoa

Answer 28

moss animals

Question 29

nemertea

Answer 29

ribbon worms

Question 30

rotifera

Answer 30

wheel animals in pond water

Question 31

tardigrada

Answer 31

water bears

Question 32

how do you know animals are part of nematoda?

Answer 32

• have a thick elastic cuticile

- a pumping pharynx

Question 33

basal animals

Answer 33

placozoa, profera, cnidaria, ctenophora (comb jellies)

Question 34

lophotrochozoa

Answer 34

• annelids, mollusca, nemertea, brachiopoda, phoronida, bryozoa, entoprocta, platyhelminth, dicymeida, rotifera,, gastrotricha, ghanthostomulida, micrognathozoa, cycliophora

Question 35

ecdyzosoa

Answer 35

arthopoda, onchyophora, tardigrada, nemataoda, nematomorpha, loricerfia, priapulida, kinorchyca

Question 36

deuterostomia

Answer 36

echinodermata
hemicordta
chordata