Animal Nutrition Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a polysaccharide?

A

A carbohydrate consisting of multiple sugar molecules

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2
Q

What are the three building blocks of biosynthesis?

A

carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids

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3
Q

Where do essential fatty acids primarily come from?

A

plant products

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4
Q

What is calcium necessary for?

A

Muscle function

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5
Q

What is sodium necessary for?

A

Nerve function

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6
Q

What is iron necessary for?

A

oxygen transport

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7
Q

What is iodine necessary for?

A

thyroid function

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8
Q

What is ascorbic acid deficiency?

A

vitamin C deficiency

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9
Q

What are three examples of filter feeders?

A

Daphnia, bivalves, and baleen whales

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10
Q

What is a substrate feeder?

A

An organism that lives on or inside their food source

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11
Q

Define fluid feeder

A

An organism that feeds off the fluid of other organisms

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12
Q

Define bulk feeder

A

An organism that ingests large pieces of food

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13
Q

What are the four steps involved in food processing?

A

ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination

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14
Q

What is digestion?

A

when macromolecules of food are broken down into basic components

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15
Q

How is intracellular digestion performed?

A

phagocytosis of a particle using digestive enzymes

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16
Q

Where does extracellular digestion occur in simple body plans?

A

the gastrovascular cavity where cells secrete digest enzymes

17
Q

Where does extracellular digestion occur in complex body plans?

A

the alimentary canal/GI tract

18
Q

Define absorption

A

uptake of digested molecules

19
Q

Define elimination

A

removal of undigested waste