Animal Health Flashcards
Why is it important to keep animals healthy?
- cost money!
- Millions of dollars are spent every year on keeping animals healthy
- PROFITABILITY!
What is Disease?
Disease is any deviation from the normal health of an animal.
What are some causes of disease?
- Germs: bacteria, viruses, Protozoa
- Parasites: worms, insects
- Injury: handling, facilities
- Poor Nutrition
Visual Signs:
- Body Posture
- Off feed and water
- Isolated
- Sounds
- Trauma
Non-Visual Signs:
- Temperature
- Pulse
- Respiration
- Blood types and counts
- Mucous membranes
- Tissue cultures
Vital Signs:
- Temperature
- Pulse
- Respiration
Sporadic
Isolated incident in a single animal
Enzootic
Disease occurs repeatedly in a particular locality (within 30-mile radius)
Epizootic
Disease that effects a large number of animals in a short period of time in a particular area. Ex. = entire state
Panzootic
Disease that spreads rapidly over a very large area and affects many animals in a short period of time. (Foot and mouth disease)
Noninfectious diseases
Things that are not caused by an organism living within the animal.
Infectious disease
Usually contagious diseases that the animal can pass to another animal
3 types of infectious diseases that the animal can pass to another animal
Bacteria
Viruses
Protozoa
Antibiotics
Usually living sources like molds and fungi
Immune system
Mucous membranes secret viscous water substance that trap and destroy bacteria and viruses
Intradermal:
Injection made into the skin
Subcutaneous (SQ):
Injection made just beneath the skin
Intramuscular (IM):
Injection made into the muscle
Intravenous (IV):
Injections made into the veins of an animal.
Intranasal (IN):
Injection given through the nose, often sprayed into nostrils.
Intraperitoneal:
Made into the body cavity, usually into the hollow of the flank. Used when a quick response is needed.
Intramammary:
Made in the udder through the opening in the teats.
Tropical Medication:
Placed on skin or surface area of skin, such as back rubbers or pour ons.
Oral medication
Through the mouth, in liquid, pills, bolus, or additive feed.
