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ZOOLONE 2 > Animal Form and Function > Flashcards

Animal Form and Function Flashcards

1
Q

are multicellular, heterotrophic eukaryotes with tissues that develop from different embryonic layers

A

Animals

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2
Q

Absorb organic molecules or ingest larger food particles

A

Heterotrophs

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3
Q

CELL STRUCTURES & SPECIALIZATION OF ANIMALS
4 answers

A
  1. Animals are multicellular eukaryotes
  2. Cells lack cell walls
  3. Bodies are held together by structural proteins such as collagen
  4. Nervous and muscle tissues are unique
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4
Q

Defining characteristics of animals

A

Nervous and muscle tissues are unique

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5
Q

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas, anus
Food processing (ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination)

A

Digestive

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6
Q

Heart, blood vessels, blood
Internal distribution of materials

A

Circulatory

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7
Q

Lungs, trachea, other breathing tubes
Gas exchange (uptake of oxygen; disposal of carbon dioxide)

A

Respiratory

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8
Q

Bone marrow, lymph nodes, thymus, spleen, lymph vessels
Body defense (fighting infections and cancer)

A

Immune and lymphatic

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9
Q

Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
Disposal of metabolic wastes; regulation of osmotic balance of blood

A

Excretory

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10
Q

Pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, adrenal, and other hormone-secreting glands
Coordination of body activities (such as digestion and metabolism)

A

Endocrine

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11
Q

Ovaries or testes and associated organs
Reproduction

A

Reproductive

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12
Q

Brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory organs
Coordination of body activities; detection of stimuli and formulation of responses to them

A

Nervous

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13
Q

Skin and its derivatives (such as hair, claws, skin glands)
Protection against mechanical injury,
infection, dehydration; thermoregulation

A

Integumentary

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14
Q

Skeletal muscles.
Locomotion and other movement

A

Muscular

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15
Q

Skeleton (bones, tendons, ligaments, cartilage)
Body support, protection of
internal organs, movement

A

Skeletal

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16
Q

have different structures that are suited to their functions

A

TISSUES

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17
Q

4 main categories of TISSUES

A

Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous

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18
Q

Covers the outside of the body. Lines the organs and cavities within the body Contains cells that are closely joined together.
* Protection
* Absorption Secretion

A

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

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19
Q

EPITHELIAL TISSUE shapes

A

Cuboidal Columnar Squamous

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20
Q

EPITHELIAL TISSUE arrangements

A

simple, stratified, pseudostratified

21
Q

Main function is to bind and support other tissues
* Contains sparsely packed cells scattered throughout the extracellular

A

connective TISSUE

22
Q

composed of fibers in a liquid, jelly-like or solid foundation

A

ECM

23
Q

3 types of connective TISSUEfibers

A

Collagenous fibers
Reticular fibers
Elastic fibers

24
Q

Provide strength and flexibility (fibers)

A

Collagenous fibers

25
Q

Join connective tissue with its adjacent (fibers)

A

Reticular fibers

26
Q

Stretch and snap back to the original length (fibers)

A

Elastic fibers

27
Q

6 major types of connective tissue

A

Loose connective tissue
Fibrous connective tissue
Bone
Cartilage
Adipose Blood

28
Q

Binds epithelia to underlying tissues
Holds organs in place

A

Loose connective tissue

29
Q

Tendons, and ligaments

A

Fibrous connective tissue

30
Q

Attach muscles to bones

A

Tendons

31
Q

Connect bones at the joints

A

Ligaments

32
Q

Fat cells, adipocytes, Stores fat for insulation and fuel

A

Adipose

33
Q

Red blood cells, White blood cells, Platelets

A

Blood

34
Q

Cell fragments

A

Platelets

35
Q

for immunity

A

White blood cells

36
Q

Humans’ RBC do not contain nucleus

A

Red blood cells

37
Q

Mineralized connective tissue
Make up the skeleton

A

Bones

38
Q

strong and flexible support material

A

cartilage

39
Q

cells of the cartilage

A

chondrocytes

40
Q

Responsible for nearly all types of body movement
Made up of actin and myosin

A

MUSCLE TISSUe

41
Q

Enables the muscle to contract

A

actin and myosin

42
Q

3 types of muscle tissue

A

Skeletal muscle, Smooth muscle, Cardiac muscle

43
Q

Striated, unbranched, multinuclei, voluntary (Muscle)

A

Skeletal muscle

44
Q

no striations, unbranched, 1 nucleus, involuntary (Muscle)

A

Smooth muscle

45
Q

Striated, branched, 1-2 nuclei, involuntary (Muscle)

A

Cardiac muscle

46
Q

Functions in the receipt, processing, and transmission of information

A

Nervous TISSUE

47
Q

Transmit nerve impulses

A

Neurons (nerve cells)

48
Q

Support cells

A

Glial cells (glia)

ZOOLONE 2 (4 decks)

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