animal diversity Flashcards
a pseudocoelome is found in which phylum
nematoda
which phylum have only one opening to the digestive tract ( no anus)
cnidaria and platyhelminthes
are roundworms or earthworms members of phylum platyhelminthes
no, but flukes and tapeworms are
in which phylum do we see muscles and nerves in their simplest forms
cnidaria - jellyfish
what are two characteristics of vertebrates
pharyngeal (gill) slits
dorsal hollow nerve cord
which vertebrate does not posses an amniotic egg
fish
amphibians
what is the only taxonomic category that exists in nature
species
how do animals that live in water dispose of nitrogenous wastesv
ammonia (NH3) is released across the body surface or gills
how do animals that do not live in water dispose of nitrogenous waste
converting to urea
how do reptiles and bords dispose of nitrogenous waste
uric acid
what are the three domains of life
bacteria
archaea
eurkarya
what is bilateral symmetry
two lined symmetry ( complex)
what is radial symmetry
symmetry around a central point - 1 line (simple)
what three germ layers give rise to the tissues and organs of the animal embryo
mesoderm
ectoderm
endoderm
what is a protist
single celled (unicellular) eukaryotic organisms that arent plants, animals or fungi
protozoans, algae and fungus are like protist
how do amoebas move
pseudopodia (false feet)
how do paramecium move
cilia (hair looking)
what are the phylums of the animal kingdom
- Phylum Porifera (sponges)
- Phylum Cnidaria (sea anemones, jellyfish, coral, hydra)
- Phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms)
- Phylum Nematoda (roundworms)
- Phylum Annelida (segmented worms, earthworms, leeches)
- Phylum Mollusca (clam, squid, snails, slugs)
- Phylum Arthropoda (crustaceans, insects, spiders)
- Phylum Echinodermata (starfish)
- Phylum Chordata (includes all vertebrates)
where do members of phylum platyhelminthes live
marine, freshwater and damp terrestrial
what way are members of phylum platyhelminthes flattened
dorsoventrally
what cavity have members of phylum platyhelminthes
gastrovascular
what are the three classes of phylum platyhelminthes
tuberellia - free living planarias
cestoda - parasitic tape worms
trematoda - parasitic flukes (liver fluke)
what is a pseudocoelom
body cavity derived from the blastocoel rather then from mesoderm
what are the characteristics of phylum nematoda (roundworms)
found in aquatic habitats, in the soil, in moist plant tissue or in body fluids/tissues of animals
what are the characteristics of phylum annelida
examples are earthworms, marine worms and leeches
segmented
what are the characteristics of phylum mollusca
examples are snails or oysters
soft bodied with a hard shell
they have 3 main parts
1. muscular foot
2. visceral mass
3. mantle
what is the largest phylum in the animal kingdom
arthropods (>2 mill)
spiders, centipede, lobster, insects
what are the 3 basic characteristics of arthropods
jointed appendages
segmented body
external skeleton (chitin)
what are the characteristics of phylum echinodermata
examples are starfish
spiny skin
tube feet (suction cup)
pentaradial symmetry (5 arms)
what are members of phylum chordata
fish
amphibia
reptilia
aves
mammalia
what is a notochord
primitive skeletal support
what chordates have no jaws
lampreys
what is a coelacanth
missing link between fish and amphibia
what are the four classifications of protist
excavata
SAR
archeaplastida
unikonta
what is excavata
asymmetrical, single-celled organisms with a feeding groove from one side
divided into 3 groups
1. diplomonads
2. parabasalids
3. euglenozoans
what is an alveolates
have membrane enclosed sacs (alveoli) just under the plasma membrane
member of SAR group
divided into 3 sub groups
1. dinoflagellates
2. apicomplexans (parasites)
3. ciliates (move using cilia)
______ are so called because of air filled sacs under the cell membrane
alveolates
apicomplexans are ______ of animals, and some cause serious human ______
parasites
diseases
plasmodium requires both ______ and _______ to complete its life cycle
mosquitoes and humans
paramecium is an example of a _____
ciliate
