animal cells

Question 1

how are RBCs adapted to carry out their function

Answer 1

they are very small and have a
bioconcave shape also increases the SA/v ratio- this allows oxygen to diffuse more easily
their cytoskeleton makes them flexible- can fit into narrow capillaries
no organelles more space for haemoglobin molecules inside them

Question 2

what are stem cell and thie sources

Answer 2

stem cells are cells whose entire genes are able to express themselves
can divide by mitosi
can differntiate into any cell- pluripotent
embryo
umbelical cord
Induced pluripotent cells
adult cells- bone marrow adipose tissue,blood

Question 3

descirbe uses of stem cells

Answer 3

bone marrow transplant- blood diseases like anemia leukamia repair blood system after cancer
drug research- tested on stem made tissue
developmental biology- how multicellular organisms grow develop
repair of damaged tissue- ips into beta cells insulin for type 1 diabetes mice
liver cells-liver diseases
repair soinal damage,parkinsons
make organs through IPS bioscafolding regenerative medicine

Question 4

neutrophils

Answer 4

50% of WBCs
multilobbed chemotaxis atrraction to infection sites
ingests bacteria and some fungi by phagocytosis

Question 5

spermatozoa

Answer 5

many mitochondria-increased energy to swim
small/thin-move easily
acrosome has enzymes -to digest the outer protective covering of the ovum
udulipodium-tail to swim

Question 6

where are epithelial cells found ?

Answer 6

alveoli,intestines, and capillaries