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VPH > Animal By Products and Specified Risk Materials > Flashcards

Animal By Products and Specified Risk Materials Flashcards

1
Q

Explain what animal by-products are

A

• An ABP is the entire body, part of an animal or a product of animal origin which is not intended for human consumption.

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2
Q

Describe edible co-products and give examples

A

• Edible Co-products are intended for human consumption prior further processing:
o Fats
o Stomachs, bladders and intestines
o Gelatine and collagen

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3
Q

What percentage of a chicken is ABP?

A

68%`

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4
Q

What percentage of a pig is ABP?

A

62%

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5
Q

What percentage of a cow is ABP?

A

54%

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6
Q

What percentage of a sheep is ABP?

A

52%

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7
Q

Define category 1 ABP (with examples)

A

Disposal only
Materials that pose the highest risk to human or animal health and include specified risk material (SRM)
- all body parts of animals suspected or confirmed with TSE
- animal material collected from waste water drains in ruminant slaughterhouses
- dead pets, lab animal carcasses, dead zoo animals

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8
Q

How would you dispose of category 1 ABP?

A

Disposal Routes
 Approved incinerators, pressure sterilization followed by permanent marking and landfill, fuel combustion at approved combustion plant.
 Burial at authorized landfill (international waste only)

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9
Q

Define category 2 material (with examples)

A

Unfit for human or animal consumption
e.g. • Sludge collected from (6mm) waste water drain screenings in non ruminant (pig and poultry) slaughterhouse
• Products containing residues of authorised veterinary drugs and contaminants exceeding the permitted levels
• Material imported from third countries or member states which does not comply with the veterinary requirements of the eu
• Carcases (not containing srm) from animals not presented for am insp. Or without fci
• Animals and parts of animals that die other than by being slaughtered for human consumption, including those killed for disease control purposes (unless these fall into category 1)
• Products of animal origin that have been declared unfit for human consumption due to the presence of foreign bodies in those products
• Manure and digestive tract contents

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10
Q

How would you dispose of category 2 ABP

A

 As with category 1 plus
 After processing use as fertilizers and soil improvers or for fuel combustion or for cosmetics, medical devices and safe industrial technical uses
 Manure to land, gut room waste to non pasture land (no processing needed)

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11
Q

Describe the storage of ABP

A
  • Leak-proof containers
  • Closely fitting lids
  • Labelled
  • Impervious, easy to clean and disinfect
  • Lidded and Separated from fit for human consumption products
  • Well maintained
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12
Q

Describe ABP staining

A

ABP Staining
• Cat 1 containing SRM: Patent Blue 0.5% solution V E-131
• Cat 2 and other Cat 1: Black PN or Brilliant Black BN
• ASAP
• Properly prepared and applied
• Avoiding contamination of fit for human consumption product
Exceptions: Whole bodies of dead animals, Teaching/research material, dispute, ov inspection, blood, manure/digestive content…

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13
Q

Define SRM

A

Specified risk material (SRM) is those parts of cattle, sheep and goats that are most likely to pose a risk of infectivity if the animal from which it comes from was infected with a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) disease. It is essential, therefore, that it is removed from both the human and animal food chains and destroyed.(Meat Industry Guide, FSA)

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14
Q

Give the SRM tissues in sheep and goats

A

Over 12 months

  • Skull (including brain, eyes and tonsils)
  • Spinal chord
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15
Q

Give the SRM tissues in Cattle

A 
All ages
- Tonsils
- last 4m of small intestine
-caecum
-mesentry
Over 12 months
- as above plus
- Skull incl brain, eyes and spinal chord (excl. mandible)
Over 30 months
- as above plus 
- vertebral column including the dorsal root ganglia but excluding : Vertebrae of tail, spinous and transverse processes of cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae and medial sacral crest and wings
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16
Q

What does a red label on the tag of a cow mean

A

That the carcasse must have the head, vertebral column

and lower GI tract removed due to SRM status (Over 30 months)

17
Q

What does APHA stand for?

A

• APHA: Animal and Plant Health Agency

18
Q

Which animals are tested for TSE?

A 
•	Monitoring for TSE occurs in:
o	Cattle for human consumption (HC).
o	Cattle not for HC.
o	Sheep & goats for HC.
o	Sheep & goats not for HC.
o	Infected flocks.
19
Q

What legislation dictates the monitoring surveillence and eradication of TSEs

A

EC 999/2001

EC854/2004 (official controls)

20
Q

Describe the process of BSE testing in abattoirs

A
  • Brain stem taken by FBO.
  • FBO trained by APHA
  • Dispatched to laboratory.
  • Carcase & offal & other by products only released on receipt of a NEGATIVE test result.
  • Not health marked until then.
  • Retained securely until then.
  • TRACEABILITY.
21
Q

What does DIL stand for?

A

Deal in lairage

22
Q

What does DOA stand for?

A

Dead on arrival

23
Q

What does MHI stand for?

A

Meat hygiene inspector

24
Q

Describe the scrapie testing process in abattoirs

A
  • Over 18months old DOA/DIL sheep and goats in participating abattoirs
  • A random sample of over 18months old for human consumption sheep and goats( and have more than two permanent incisors)
  • FBO removes the head
  • OV or fully trained MHI (by APHA generally) removes brain stem and cerebellum
  • Send it to the TSE testing laboratory
25
Q

Give the three groups of cattle to be involved in BSE testing from 01/03/2013

A
  • All cattle which die or are killed other than for human consumption (fallen stock) aged over 48 months.
  • All emergency slaughter animals or animals found sick at ante mortem inspection aged over 48 months.
  • Animals born before 1st August 1996 ( disposed as Cat 1 and tested for BSE)
26
Q

Describe the actions ayat you would take if a dead Emergency Slaughter cow was brought to you at an abottoir

A

Aim to obtain a veterinary declaration recording:
- favorable outcome of AM
- Reason for ES
- Any treatment administered
- Date and time of slaughter
If for human consumption carry out a full post mortem
- Cow must be accompanied by FCI information
- Must carry out a BSE test (over 48 months)

27
Q

Describe blood that is fit for human consumption

A
  • Must have passed both AM and PM
  • Must be identifiable as from a specific animal
  • Must not be mixed with blood that has not passed AM/PM inspection
28
Q

Describe blood that falls into category three ABP

A
  • Intended for use as pet food-
    Pig and poultry that have passed AM
    Ruminants which have passed both AM and PM and TSE checks
29
Q

Describe category two blood

A

Animal did not pass ante mortem and therefore will not be going for human consumption

30
Q

Describe category 1 blood

A

Blood from animals which did not prove negative/did not test properly for TSE

31
Q

Describe health marking

A

Tells us that the animal has undergone ante-mortem and post mortem in accordance with EX 854/2004 and there are no grounds to declare it unfit for human consumption

32
Q

What should be done in response to an outstanding BSE test result?

A

Outstanding - means that certain paperwork is missing

Animal must remain under official control until a result is obtained

33
Q

What should be done in response to a positive BSE test result?

A

FBO, FSA and APHA will be notified

  • DNA sampling should be taken from the carcasse, the one before and the one after
  • Carcasse and all body parts must be destroyed via incineration
  • Records must be kept of this
34
Q

What should be done in response to a “no test” BSE test result?

A

Target area of the obex was unavailable

- All part of the no test animal must be destroyed by incineration

35
Q

What should be done in response to an insufficient BSE test result?

A

Lab has been unable to carry out the further three tests on the animal due to a shortage of sample
- Carcasse and all parts of the animal (and the one preceeding it/ whole batch ) must be disposed of as an SRM

36
Q

What should be done in response to an negative BSE test result?

A

Carcasse and offal may be released for human consumption

VPH (19 decks)

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