Animal By Products and Specified Risk Materials Flashcards
Explain what animal by-products are
• An ABP is the entire body, part of an animal or a product of animal origin which is not intended for human consumption.
Describe edible co-products and give examples
• Edible Co-products are intended for human consumption prior further processing:
o Fats
o Stomachs, bladders and intestines
o Gelatine and collagen
What percentage of a chicken is ABP?
68%`
What percentage of a pig is ABP?
62%
What percentage of a cow is ABP?
54%
What percentage of a sheep is ABP?
52%
Define category 1 ABP (with examples)
Disposal only
Materials that pose the highest risk to human or animal health and include specified risk material (SRM)
- all body parts of animals suspected or confirmed with TSE
- animal material collected from waste water drains in ruminant slaughterhouses
- dead pets, lab animal carcasses, dead zoo animals
How would you dispose of category 1 ABP?
Disposal Routes
Approved incinerators, pressure sterilization followed by permanent marking and landfill, fuel combustion at approved combustion plant.
Burial at authorized landfill (international waste only)
Define category 2 material (with examples)
Unfit for human or animal consumption
e.g. • Sludge collected from (6mm) waste water drain screenings in non ruminant (pig and poultry) slaughterhouse
• Products containing residues of authorised veterinary drugs and contaminants exceeding the permitted levels
• Material imported from third countries or member states which does not comply with the veterinary requirements of the eu
• Carcases (not containing srm) from animals not presented for am insp. Or without fci
• Animals and parts of animals that die other than by being slaughtered for human consumption, including those killed for disease control purposes (unless these fall into category 1)
• Products of animal origin that have been declared unfit for human consumption due to the presence of foreign bodies in those products
• Manure and digestive tract contents
How would you dispose of category 2 ABP
As with category 1 plus
After processing use as fertilizers and soil improvers or for fuel combustion or for cosmetics, medical devices and safe industrial technical uses
Manure to land, gut room waste to non pasture land (no processing needed)
Describe the storage of ABP
- Leak-proof containers
- Closely fitting lids
- Labelled
- Impervious, easy to clean and disinfect
- Lidded and Separated from fit for human consumption products
- Well maintained
Describe ABP staining
ABP Staining
• Cat 1 containing SRM: Patent Blue 0.5% solution V E-131
• Cat 2 and other Cat 1: Black PN or Brilliant Black BN
• ASAP
• Properly prepared and applied
• Avoiding contamination of fit for human consumption product
Exceptions: Whole bodies of dead animals, Teaching/research material, dispute, ov inspection, blood, manure/digestive content…
Define SRM
Specified risk material (SRM) is those parts of cattle, sheep and goats that are most likely to pose a risk of infectivity if the animal from which it comes from was infected with a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) disease. It is essential, therefore, that it is removed from both the human and animal food chains and destroyed.(Meat Industry Guide, FSA)
Give the SRM tissues in sheep and goats
Over 12 months
- Skull (including brain, eyes and tonsils)
- Spinal chord
Give the SRM tissues in Cattle
All ages - Tonsils - last 4m of small intestine -caecum -mesentry Over 12 months - as above plus - Skull incl brain, eyes and spinal chord (excl. mandible) Over 30 months - as above plus - vertebral column including the dorsal root ganglia but excluding : Vertebrae of tail, spinous and transverse processes of cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae and medial sacral crest and wings
What does a red label on the tag of a cow mean
That the carcasse must have the head, vertebral column
and lower GI tract removed due to SRM status (Over 30 months)
What does APHA stand for?
• APHA: Animal and Plant Health Agency
Which animals are tested for TSE?
• Monitoring for TSE occurs in: o Cattle for human consumption (HC). o Cattle not for HC. o Sheep & goats for HC. o Sheep & goats not for HC. o Infected flocks.
What legislation dictates the monitoring surveillence and eradication of TSEs
EC 999/2001
EC854/2004 (official controls)
Describe the process of BSE testing in abattoirs
- Brain stem taken by FBO.
- FBO trained by APHA
- Dispatched to laboratory.
- Carcase & offal & other by products only released on receipt of a NEGATIVE test result.
- Not health marked until then.
- Retained securely until then.
- TRACEABILITY.
What does DIL stand for?
Deal in lairage
What does DOA stand for?
Dead on arrival
What does MHI stand for?
Meat hygiene inspector
Describe the scrapie testing process in abattoirs
- Over 18months old DOA/DIL sheep and goats in participating abattoirs
- A random sample of over 18months old for human consumption sheep and goats( and have more than two permanent incisors)
- FBO removes the head
- OV or fully trained MHI (by APHA generally) removes brain stem and cerebellum
- Send it to the TSE testing laboratory
Give the three groups of cattle to be involved in BSE testing from 01/03/2013
- All cattle which die or are killed other than for human consumption (fallen stock) aged over 48 months.
- All emergency slaughter animals or animals found sick at ante mortem inspection aged over 48 months.
- Animals born before 1st August 1996 ( disposed as Cat 1 and tested for BSE)
Describe the actions ayat you would take if a dead Emergency Slaughter cow was brought to you at an abottoir
Aim to obtain a veterinary declaration recording:
- favorable outcome of AM
- Reason for ES
- Any treatment administered
- Date and time of slaughter
If for human consumption carry out a full post mortem
- Cow must be accompanied by FCI information
- Must carry out a BSE test (over 48 months)
Describe blood that is fit for human consumption
- Must have passed both AM and PM
- Must be identifiable as from a specific animal
- Must not be mixed with blood that has not passed AM/PM inspection
Describe blood that falls into category three ABP
- Intended for use as pet food-
Pig and poultry that have passed AM
Ruminants which have passed both AM and PM and TSE checks
Describe category two blood
Animal did not pass ante mortem and therefore will not be going for human consumption
Describe category 1 blood
Blood from animals which did not prove negative/did not test properly for TSE
Describe health marking
Tells us that the animal has undergone ante-mortem and post mortem in accordance with EX 854/2004 and there are no grounds to declare it unfit for human consumption
What should be done in response to an outstanding BSE test result?
Outstanding - means that certain paperwork is missing
Animal must remain under official control until a result is obtained
What should be done in response to a positive BSE test result?
FBO, FSA and APHA will be notified
- DNA sampling should be taken from the carcasse, the one before and the one after
- Carcasse and all body parts must be destroyed via incineration
- Records must be kept of this
What should be done in response to a “no test” BSE test result?
Target area of the obex was unavailable
- All part of the no test animal must be destroyed by incineration
What should be done in response to an insufficient BSE test result?
Lab has been unable to carry out the further three tests on the animal due to a shortage of sample
- Carcasse and all parts of the animal (and the one preceeding it/ whole batch ) must be disposed of as an SRM
What should be done in response to an negative BSE test result?
Carcasse and offal may be released for human consumption
