Animal Behavior Flashcards
The study of how animals move in their environment, how they interact socially, how they learn about their environment, and how an animal might achieve cognitive understanding of its environment
Animal behavior
Importance/significance of studying animal behavior
For early detection of sick animals
Importance/significance of studying animal behavior
A factor in obtaining maximum production and efficiency in breeding, feeding, and management
(Reflexes and responses) what the animal has at birth (example: nursing and searching for food)
Instinct
Learning to respond without thinking, response to certain stimulus is established as a result of habituation
Habituation
Learning to respond in a particular way to stimulus as a result of reinforcement when the proper response is made.
-reward and punishment
Conditioning
A reward for making the proper response
-reward
Reinforcement
The ability to respond correctly to a stimulus the first time that a new situation is presented
Reasoning
The ability to learn to adjust successfully to certain situations. Both short-term and long term memory are part of intelligence.
-present in higher animals like apes
Intelligence
Genes
Innate
Shaped by natural selection
-developed through experience
-survival of the fittest
Behavior
Many behaviors directly increase an organism’s fitness, that is, they help it survive and reproduce
Behavior
4 questions to understand a behavior
- Causation ( what causes the behavior?)
- Development (how does the behavior develop?)
- Function/ adaptive value (how does the behavior affect fitness)
- Phylogeny (how did the behavior evolve?)
For example sa zebra finches ang nagcocause ng behavior nilang magkanta ay ang appearance ng female tapos ang hormones nila
Causation
Nadevelop nila ang pag-sing from their dads and other finches from their surroundings
Development
Example nito is need nila na magcreate ng melodies para lalong dumami or magprocreate
Function / adaptive value
How nag-evolve ang behavior
Phylogeny
Cues that trigger behavior
- External, example neto is ang migration
- Internal, example neto is ang circadian rhythm
- Combination, example neto is ung mating behaviors
-A behavior in which animals move from one location to another in a seasonal pattern
-Environmental cues that trigger the autumn migration include air temperature, day length, and food availability
Migration
Example: may jetlag ka nung lumipat ng ibang place, kahit may sun if nasanay ang body clock mo na matulog within sa mga oras na yon matutulog ka
Circadian rhythm
Example: mating behaviors may be triggered in an animal only when it’s in the right hormonal state, an internal cue, and when it sees a member of the opposite sex, an external cue
Combination
Are genetically hardwired and are inherited by an organism from its parents
Innate behaviors
-Are not inherited, they develop during an organism’s lifetime as the result of experience and environmental influence
-acquired from experiences
Learned behaviors
-There are some examples of behaviors that are really and truly hardwired. These behaviors take place in a highly predictable way in response to the right stimulus, even if the organisms has never before encountered that stimulus
-Eating of placenta (survival instinct)
Mostly innate behaviors