Angiosperms Flashcards
what are angiosperms?
flowering plants
vascular tissue?
well developed
Structure of angiosperm(11)?
petal- colored attract pollinators (corolla)
pistil: (female gynoecium whorl)
stigma- sticky for pollen to stick to
style- hold up stigma and don’t break
ovary- contains ovules
ovule- produce ova
sepal- protects bud flower and supports (calyx)
pedicel- supports the flower
Stamen: (male andocium whorl)
anther- pollen grains with make gametes
filament-holds up anther
the difference in monocotyledonous?
not two whorls
corolla and Calyx together to form Perigone with pistil and stamen together for pollination
Reproduction?
pollen with male gametes from the male, by wind or pollinator moves onto a sticky stigma, style transports male gamete by use of pollen tube to ovule: fertilizes with the female gamete to form a zygote- no water required- zygote develops to the embryo. ovary encloses the embryo and is enclosed by fruit to protect it.
3 Pollinators and flower adaptations
insects- bright petals
nectar/ scent
large landing area
birds- longer trumpet flowers
nectar
red petals or hanging out anther
wind- hanging out anther
light float pollen grains
large number of pollen
Double fertilisation?
two sperm male gametes and one ovum. male sperm fertilizes the ova to form a zygote - the other sperm fertilizes two polar nuclei-
the developing zygote into the embryo (triploid body) with with ovary and fruit enclosed will also have endosperm tissue to provide nutrients to the embryo(carbs).
Adv and disadv of sexual reproduction?
adv- farmers select best
- weak genes can be left
- genetic diversity to adapt
disadv- more energy and longer as gametes
-smaller reproduction means less chance of survival
-pollinators required
Adv and disadv of asuxual reproduction?
adv- the larger number in reproduction
identical genes- same environmental needs
-pollinators required
-less energy- no gametes
disadv- overpopulation- competition
- no genetic variation- cant adapt
-weak genes passed on
