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CARDIOLOGY > [angina pectoris] > Flashcards

[angina pectoris] Flashcards

1
Q
A

myocardial ischaemia due to atheroma

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2
Q
A 
aortic stenosis
small vessel disease 
anaemia
tachyarrythmias 
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
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3
Q
A

Cardiac syndrome X

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4
Q
A

brought on by exercise

relieved by rest

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5
Q
A

arm (both)
neck
jaw
teeth

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6
Q
A

dyspnoea
faintness
sweatiness
nausea

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7
Q
A

at rest

increasing severity angina (crescendo)

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8
Q
A

angina associated with lying flat

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9
Q
A

angina due to coronary artery spasm

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10
Q
A

Prinzmetal’s angina

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11
Q
A

anyone! usually those with no risk factors for atherosclerosis

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12
Q
A

at rest

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13
Q
A

elevated ST segment

which resolves when the pain subsides

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14
Q
A 
aspirin  (aggravate the attack)
beta blockers (increase vasospasm)
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15
Q
A

calcium channel blockers

long-acting nitrates

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16
Q
A

MRI
myocardial perfusion scintigraphy
stress echo

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17
Q
A

echocardiogram done after supervised exercise

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18
Q
A 
known CAD (coronary artery disease)
typical pain
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19
Q
A

none assume stable angina (ECG already performed)

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20
Q
A

exercise testing

functional imaging

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21
Q
A

age
typical/atypical/non-anginal pain
low/high risk

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22
Q
A

hyperlipidaemia
diabetes
smoking

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23
Q
A

35
45
55
65

24
Q
A

reconsider CAD as a Dx

25
Q
A

CT scan to determine coronary artery calcification score

26
Q
A

Calcification of coronary arteries is a sign of atherosclerotic disease and can be quantified using
multislice computed tomography

27
Q
A

functional imaging

(MRI
myocardial perfusion scintigraphy
stress echo)

28
Q
A

angiography
or
functional imaging

29
Q
A

assume CAD present

30
Q
A

greater than 6.7 mmol/L

31
Q
A

> 70 years

either typical OR atypical pain

32
Q
A

> 70
High risk
typical symptoms

33
Q
A

61-90%

34
Q
A

ECG

35
Q
A 
Diabetes
Hyperlipidaemia
thyrotoxicosis 
anaemia
temporal arteritis (GCA)
36
Q
A

thyrotoxicosis

37
Q
A

depressed ST segment

flat/inverted T waves

38
Q
A

> 4mmol/L

39
Q
A

unstable

40
Q
A 
Smoking
weight
exercise (wt. loss only beneficial if exercise maintained)
hypertension
diabetes
cholesterol
41
Q
A 
b-blockers
calcium antagonists - long acting 
nitrates
K+ channel activator
Aspirin
42
Q
A

75-150mg/24hrs

reduced mortality by 34%

43
Q
A

lifestyle advice

aspirin

44
Q
A

aspirin

clopidogrel

45
Q
A

nitrates

GTN spray/sub-lingual tablets

46
Q
A

b-blockers

metoprolol: 50-200 mg orally

47
Q
A 
asthma (absolute!)
COPD
LVF
bradycardia
coronary artery spasm (variant/prinzmetal)
48
Q
A

if there is a CI to beta blockers

49
Q
A

amlodipine 10mg/24hrs

diltiazem

50
Q
A 
lifestyle + aspirin
b-blocker
nitrates
calcium antagonists
K+ channel activator
51
Q
A

nicorandil 10mg/24hours

52
Q
A 
Dx uncertainty
new angina of acute onset
unresponsive to drugs
recurrent angina (past MI/CABG)
unstable angina
53
Q
A

PTCA

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

54
Q
A

PTCA

CABG (increased risk of stroke)

55
Q
A

isosorbide mononitrate 20-40mg PO

56
Q
A

prevent nitrate tolerance

57
Q
A

angina = imbalance between myocardial O2 demand and supply for any reason inc. thrombus

ACS = thrombus formation —> occlusion

CARDIOLOGY (11 decks)

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