angina and MI

Question 1

risks of patients with angina

Answer 1

MI, sudden death and stroke

Question 2

what s symptomatic treatment of angina

Answer 2

GTN

Question 3

how do BB help angina

Answer 3

reduce heart rate and the force of ventricular contraction, both of which reduce myocardial oxygen demand.

Question 4

how do calcium agonists help angina

Answer 4

block calcium influx into the cell, relax the

coronary arteries and reduce the force of left ventricular contraction, thereby reducing oxygen demand

Question 5

what to do if angina persists past medication

Answer 5

CABG or PCI

Question 6

Acute coronary syndromes

Answer 6

Unstable angina
Non-ST-elevation MI (NSTEMI)
ST-elevation MI (STEMI)

Question 7

difference between unstable angina and NSTEMI

Answer 7

occluding thrombus is sufficient to cause myocardial damage and an elevation in troponin and creatine kinase

Question 8

symptoms of angina

Answer 8

central, crushing, retrosternal chest pain, coming on with exertion and relieved by rest

Question 9

STEMI features

Answer 9

occurs at rest, severe chest pain lasts for some hours and is often associated with sweating, breathlessness, nausea, vomiting, patient often appears pale, sweaty and grey

Question 10

STEMI diagnosis

Answer 10

with ECG

Question 11

ECG of STEMI

Answer 11

ST segment elevation

Pathological Q waves are broad

Question 12

cardiac marker of STEMI

Answer 12

troponin

Question 13

investigations for STEMI

Answer 13

chest X-ray, full blood count, serum urea and electrolytes, blood glucose and lipids

Question 14

STEMI treatment

Answer 14

PCI