Anesthetics Flashcards
Induction agent
IV injection eg propofol
Ultra short acting
Just enough time to intubation
Maintenance agent
Saturating 02 with inhalation agent.
Volatile liquid
Components of anaesthetic machine
Fresh oxygen supply Flow meter with bypass valve Vaporiser Breathing circuit Scavenging system
What does the vaporiser do?
Mixed o2 and inhalation agent
What is the purpose of the scavenging system?
Removes organic agents from exhaled gas
Activated charcoal
Needs to be below patient
Needs to be weighed to see when saturated
Flow rate for rebreathing circuit
10-50 Mls per Kg per min
Components of re breathing circuit
Adapter to connect ET tube Expiratory valve Reservoir bag (allows IPPV) Fresh gas tube Expired ga tube Soda lime cannister to remove CO2 from expired air (pink to white)
When would a re breathing circuit be used?
Patients over 25kg
Economical but high resistance
Caution when using re breathing circuits?
Patient is breathing in expired air, must make sure they are not breathing in high levels of CO2
Minute volume for non re breathing circuits
200mls per kg per minute
Flow rate must then be calculated with effiency of circuit
Mapleson A Other name Advantage Disadvantage Flow rate
Magill
Reservoir too close to patient if need to intervene.
Bag and valve at opposite ends, hard to do IPPV
Do not use with sick patients
High efficiency FR x1
Adaptation of Mapelson A
Name
Positives
Parallel lack
Bag and valve at one end, away from patient
Still FR x1
Mapleson D
Positives
Negatives
Valve and bag away from patient
Best for sick patents
FR x2
Adaptation of D
Name
Positives?
Co axial Bain
Fresh gas tube within expiratory tube
Allows to increase length of tube without increasing resistance
Good for radiography, good for sick patients
Mapelson E
Name
Positives
Negatives
Ayres T piece No valve or reservoir bag Low resistance, low efficiency Good for small animals, don't have to breath open the valve FR x 3
