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Anesthesia Machine Flashcards

1
Q

Anesthetized patients encounter what type of depression from the anesthetic drugs?

A

Respiratory depression

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2
Q

Without supplemental oxygen, what is very possible to occur in an anesthetized patient?

A

Hypoxemia

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3
Q

What color are oxygen tanks?

A

Green

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4
Q

What color are Nitrous Oxide tanks?

A

Blue

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5
Q

How much does an empty E Cylinder weigh?

A

6 kg

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6
Q

How much does an empty H Cylinder weigh?

A

60 kg

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7
Q

How much oxygen can an E Cylinder contain?

A

660 Liters

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8
Q

How much oxygen does an H Cylinder contain?

A

6600 Liters

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9
Q

How much nitrous oxide does an E Cylinder contain?

A

1600 Liters

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10
Q

How much nitrous oxide does an H Cylinder contain?

A

16,000 Liters

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11
Q

What is the tank cylinder pressure in both E and H oxygen tanks?

A

2,200 psi

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12
Q

What is the tank cylinder pressure for E and H nitrous oxide tanks?

A

750 psi @ 20 celsius

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13
Q

What is the pressure at which both E and H oxygen and nitrous oxide tanks should be changed at?

A

500 psi

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14
Q

T/F: The cylinder pressure gauge on a nitrous oxide tank reads the total amount of gas and liquid in the tank.

A

False - it reads only the pressure of the gas within the tank.

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15
Q

When does the gauge change on a nitrous oxide tank?

A

Not until all of the liquid has evaporated.

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16
Q

What is the equation to calculate the remaining oxygen within an E Cylinder?

A

2200 psi/660 L = psi left on E tank/ X Liters

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17
Q

How do you find out how many minutes of oxygen we have remaining?

A

X liters/Flow Liters per Min

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18
Q

What are 3 pros for using a quick coupler?

A
  • Allows rapid connection
  • Allows rapid disconnection
  • Gas specific fittings
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19
Q

You use to Diameter Index Safety System for which 2 types of cylinders?

A

H or G cylinders

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20
Q

A DISS fitting has what 2 special features?

A

Gas-specific diameter and thread

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21
Q

What type of cylinder is used with a Pin Index Safety System?

A

E cylinder

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22
Q

What do you attach an E cylinder to with the Pin Index Safety System?

A

Hanger yoke site

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23
Q

What are 3 types of pressure relief devices that can be used to alleviate high pressure/temp?

A
  • Rupture disc
  • Pressure relief valve
  • Fusible plug
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24
Q

T/F: Room air is adequate for normal tissue function in healthy awake patients.

A

True

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25
What do you use when there are 2 E cylinders connected to one machine?
Adiabatic change
26
How should E tanks be stored?
In a rack.
27
How should H cylinders be stored?
Secured to a wall.
28
T/F: Full tanks should be stored with empty tanks.
False - full tanks should be separated from empty tanks.
29
Is it ok to store compressed gas cylinders near heat and electrical wiring?
No, keep them away from heat and electrical wiring.
30
O2 should be kept at least how far away from combustibles?
20 feet
31
Should cylinder valves be opened slowly or quickly?
Slowly
32
What are 2 things to do when transporting and handling E cylinders?
- Carry with both hands, one at a time | - Use an approved cart
33
What are 3 things to remember when transporting an H cylinder?
- Use approved trolley - Attach metal cap - Chain to trolley
34
What is the oxygen output range for an oxygen | concentrator?
93% USP minimum - 95% maximum
35
What does the dial on a cylinder pressure gauge measure?
Reads remaining gas pressure (psi) left in cylinder.
36
What is another name for the pressure reduction valve?
Pressure regulator
37
What does the pressure reduction valve do?
Reduces cylinder pressure to a fixed 50 psi.
38
The pressure reduction valve provides a constant pressure of what to what?
50 psi to the flowmeter
39
The amount of O2 in L/min that travels through the machine and is delivered to the patient is known as what?
Flow rate
40
The height of the ball/bobbin that rises within a glass tube in the flow-meter is proportional to what?
The flow of gas through the tube.
41
Why is it important to avoid excessive torque when closing flow-meter knobs?
They can become stripped and broken.
42
Gas passing through the flow-meter is reduced from what to what?
50 psi to about 15 psi
43
Where is the oxygen flow-meter in a series of meters?
Last, closest to the patient.
44
The N2O:O2 should not exceed what ratio? | What can be caused if this ratio is exceeded?
- 2:1 | - Hypoxemia
45
What bypasses the vaporizer and delivers O2 directly to the patient breathing circuit?
Quick flush
46
What does the quick flush deliver?
35-75 LPM of O2
47
What are 4 proper uses of the quick flush?
- Deliver oxygen to critically ill patient - Lower anesthetic (%) in breathing circuit - Speed recovery - Flush residual vapors from breathing circuit
48
What do you need to be careful of when using the quick flush in small animals?
Over-inflation of lungs
49
Do not use the quick flush valve on a small patient attached to what type of system?
Low volume breathing system (non-breathing system)
50
What does STP stand for?
Standard temperature and pressure
51
Most anesthetic gases used in clinics are what type of liquids at STP?
Volatile liquids
52
What are the 2 most commonly used anesthetic gases?
- Sevoflurane | - Isoflurane
53
Will Nitrous oxide produce general anesthesia?
No
54
What does VOC stand for?
Vaporizer out of circuit
55
Which is used most commonly, VOC or VIC?
VOC
56
Which is a complex precision vaporizer, VOC or VIC?
VOC
57
Carrier gas equals what in a VOC?
Carrier gas = fresh gas
58
Carrier gas equals what in a VIC?
Carrier gas = patient gases
59
Are VOCs agent-specific?
Yes
60
VOCs can be used with re-breathing systems, non-rebreathing systems or both?
Both
61
What should always be done with the gas exiting the vaporizer?
Scavenge it
62
What converts volatile anesthetic liquids to anesthetic vapor and adds it to the carrier gas?
Vaporizers
63
The output % on a vaporizer is dependent on what?
Vaporizer dial setting
64
The process of evaporation in a closed container will proceed until there are as many molecules returning to the liquid as there are escaping, this state of equilibrium is know as what?
Saturated vapor pressure (SVP)
65
Does kinetic energy decrease or increase with temperature?
Increases
66
If temperature increases, does SVP decrease or increase?
Increases
67
What is the SVP of Sevoflurane at 20C?
160 mmHg
68
What is the SVP of Isoflurane at 20C?
240 mmHg
69
What is the SVP of Desflurane at 20C?
660 mmHg
70
Which type of vaporizers deliver "precise" concentrations of anesthetic vapor?
Precision vaporizers
71
What kind of agents are the best to use with a precision vaporizer? What are 3 examples of these?
- Agents with a high SVP | - sevoflurane, isoflurane, desflurane
72
Does temperature affect kinetic energy?
Yes
73
Do most vaporizers compensate for temperature?
Yes
74
What should always be checked on the vaporizer prior to use?
Amount of liquid anesthetic remaining.
75
When should vaporizers be refilled?
When the level of liquid anesthetic is below the half-full mark.
76
What do you do if you fill the vaporizer with the wrong anesthetic agent?
Drain and flush with 1 L/min O2 until dry
77
Are VOC precision or non-precision? | VIC?
- VOC = precision | - VIC = non-precision
78
Does a non-precision (VIC) vaporizer need to use an agent with a high SVP or a low SVP?
Very low SVP
79
What is the concentration of anesthetic delivered with a non-precision (VIC) vaporizer?
Unknown
80
The concentration of anesthetic delivered with a non-precision (VIC) vaporizer can vary with what 4 factors?
- Temperature - Patient ventilation - Dial setting - Back pressure
81
What are 2 examples of temperature compensation valves?
- Bi-metallic | - "Liquid Bellows"
82
Is liquid anesthetic agent normally found in the by-pass channel?
No
83
Which is better for preventing back pressure, a short or long inlet tube?
Long inlet tube
84
It is important to not do what with all types of vaporizers? | Why?
- Do not tip over/shake vaporizer | - Liquid anesthetic enters by-pass channel and a lethal dose may be delivered to the patient
85
If a vaporizer gets tipped over/shaken, what should be done?
Run O2 through the machine with the vaporizer off for at least 15-30 minutes.
86
What should always be done to the vaporizer before transporting it?
Should be emptied.
87
If the vaporizer being used does not have a mechanism that accounts for changes in barometric pressure, what needs to be done at higher altitudes?
The dial seeing on the vaporizer must be decreased.
88
What are 3 factors that can have an effect on the output concentration of the anesthetic vaporizer if no compensating mechanism is present?
- Altitude - Temperature - Tipping
89
Desflurane boils at what temperature?
23 C
90
Which liquid anesthetic agents requires a special precision vaporizer?
Desflurane
91
Desflurane is electrically heated to what temperature?
39 C
92
What are 3 potential "killers" with an anesthesia machine?
- Too little oxygen - Too much vaporizer - Too tight of a pop-off valve

Anesthesiology (19 decks)

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