Anesthesia Lecture 3 Flashcards
Examples of non-barbiturates
Propofol, Etomidate, and Alfaxalone
Examples of dissociative anesthetics
Ketamine, Tiletamine (Telazol®️), and Ketamine-valium compo
This is the only white liquid that can be given IV
Propofol
True or false: Propofol has a rapid onset, long duration of action due to it being low in fat solubility
False; it has a shot duration of action due to it being highly fat soluble
True or false: Propofol is rapidly metabolized, rapid recovery, and minimal residual sedative effects even after repeated doses
True
Effects of Propofol
CNS depression, NOT an analgesic, CV depressant, respiratory depression, muscle twitching during induction, muscle relaxation, and antiemetic
Induction of Propofol
Give 1/4 of the calculated dose slowly IV every 30 sec until desired plane of anesthesia is reached. Then titrate to effect
Recovery time of Alfaxalone
15-30 minutes
Alfaxalone has minimal __and _____ effects
CV and respiratory
Ketamine is also a…
Cyclohexamine
Onset of action for Ketamine IV and IM
IV= 1-2 minutes; IM= 10 minute
Ketamine can also be administered…
Orally to fractious cats (extra label)
This dissociative anesthetic provides no visceral analgesia, but does provide somatic analgesia
Ketamine
This dissociative anesthetic increases intracranial and intraocular pressure and should not be given to seizing patients
Ketamine
Telazol®️ is a combination of …
Tiletamine and Zolazepam
Telazol®️ can be administered…
IV, IM, or SQ
Onset of action of Ketamine-Valium
30-90 seconds
Duration of action of Ketamine-Valium
5-10 minutes
The CO2 absorber must be changed every…
6-8 hours
How is the size of the reservoir bag determined?
6x tidal volume (10mL/kg)= 60 mL/kg x the patients weight in kg
Benefits of pre-oxygenation
Reduces the risk of hemoglobin desaturation and hypoxemia during the induction process
Oxygen need for an induction box
4-5 L/min
Pros of the induction box
Easy and good for wild or aggressive animals
Oxygen need for dogs and cats
Dogs= 1 L; Cats= 500 mL
When changing the position of the animal, always…
Disconnect the patient then reconnect
What is the most reliable sign of inadequate anesthetic depth?
Responsive movement
What is the normal ETCO2 awake and in an anesthetized state?
Normal= 25-40 mmHg; Anesthetized= 32-40 mmHg
What should be done if the patient becomes hypotensive during anesthesia?
Administer crystalloid and/or colloid boluses
Stage 1 of anesthesia
Period of voluntary movement
Stage 2 of anesthesia
Period of involuntary movement
Stage 3 Plane 1 of anesthesia
Intubation; unconscious but will react to pain/stimulation
Stage 3 Plane 2 of anesthesia
Surgical plane; mild decrease in HR, RR, and BP, most protective reflexes are lost
Stage 3 Plane 3 of anesthesia
The patients are deeply anesthetized (too deep)
Stage 3 Plane 4 of anesthesia
Early anesthetic overdose
Always assume that the patient is to…
Deep rather than too light
What all is being monitored every 5 minutes?
Respiratory depth character and rate, MM color and CRT, HR and rhythm, pulse strength, jaw tone, eyes, oxygen flow rate and inhalant %, fluid drip rates, and temp
Normal HR on a non-anesthetized patient
Dogs= 60-180 bpm; Cats= 120-240 bpm
