Anemia

Question 1

reduction in the total number of RBCs or decrease of Hgb content or function

Answer 1

Anemia

Question 2

Causes of Anemia

Answer 2

impaired red blood cell production, excessive blood loss, increased red blood cell destruction, or any combination of the above

Question 3

Symptoms of Anemia

Answer 3

hypoxia, dyspnea, pallor, dizziness and fatigue.

Question 4

Cause of tachycardia in anemia

Answer 4

diluted plasm created hyperdynamic state and stresses the cardiac system = tachycardia and heart failure.

Question 5

Anemia is classified

Answer 5

by cell size, color and variability of size or shape.

Question 6

MCV

Answer 6

Measures average size

Question 7

MCHC

Answer 7

Measures mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration

Question 8

MCHC

Answer 8

Measures the Average concentration of Hgb per RBC

Question 9

Normal MCHC

Answer 9

Aplastic anemia, bit B12 deficiency, folate deficiency, post hemorrhagic anemia, hemolytic

Question 10

Low MCHC

Answer 10

Fe def anemia, sideroblastic, thalassemia

Question 12

High MCHC

Answer 12

Hereditary spherocytosis, liver disease, hyperthyroidism, sickle cell anemia,

Question 13

RDW

Answer 13

Estimated the uniformity of individual cells

Question 14

Aplastic Anemia

Answer 14

Normocytic Normochromic

Question 15

Suspected if low erythrocyte, leukocyte and platelets. Pancytopenia

Answer 15

Aplastic Anemia

Question 16

Aplastic Anemia Labs values

Answer 16

1. Granulocyte count less than 500
2. Plt less than 20
3. Absolute retic less or equal to 40

Question 17

Hemolytic Anemia

Answer 17

Normocytic normochromic
Type II hypersensitivity reaction
- mismatched blood
- Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- Allergic reaction to drugs

Question 18

Blood loss Anemia

Answer 18

Normocytic normochromic
trauma, GI bleed, surgical, labor and delivery,

Question 19

Vit B12 Anemia

Answer 19

Macrocytic normochromic

Question 20

Anemia that causes Fatigue, dyspnea, peripheral neuropathy in BLE

Answer 20

Vit B12 anemia

Question 21

Anemia associated to Alcoholism

Answer 21

Folate deficiency anemia

Question 22

anemia that can cause megaloblastic anemia

Answer 22

folate deficiency anemia

Question 23

Labs associatre with folate def anemia

Answer 23

Low folate, high MCV, normal MCHC, normal or elevated retic, and normal or decreased serum iron

Question 24

Most common anemia (20% world population)

Answer 24

Fe Def Anemia

Question 25

Ferritin levels

Answer 25

reflects total body’s stores = low means anemia

Question 26

Earliest lab marker seen in microcytic or macrocytic anemia

Answer 26

RDW

Question 27

Labs for Fe Def Anemia

Answer 27

High RDW, Low Ferritin, low MCV, low MCHC, low retic

Question 28

Inherited Disorders of RBCs

Answer 28

Sickle cell and thalassemia

Question 29

Sickle cell disease

Answer 29

Autosomal recessive genetic disorder

Question 30

Cause of Sickle cell disease

Answer 30

mutation of HBB to elongate (HbS) rupture easily = iron overload occludes vessels - CVA, splenic infact, kidney damage, pain

Question 31

Thalassemia

Answer 31

inherited autosomal recessive genetic disorders Microcytic-hypochromic

Question 32

SCA and thalassemia more prevalent in

Answer 32

in those with African descents.

Question 33

hemoglobinopathy with multiple possible genetic mutations

Answer 33

Thalassemia