Ancient Rome Flashcards
Rome is built on ____ hills
7
citizens who have the right to vote and select the pair leaders
Republic
a member of a wealthy family
Patrician
ordinary citizens
Plebians
the rejection of any planned action by a person in power
Veto
a Roman official who had all the powers of a king, but could hold the office for only 6 years
Dictator
area of an empire, had a Roman governed supported by an army
Province
the belief in more than one god
Polytheism
a curved structure used as a support over an open space, as in a doorway
Arch
the site of contests and combats between people and between animals and people
Colosseum
structures that carried water over long distances
Aqueducts
official count of people living in Rome
Census
country estate
Villa
arena in Rome where the shows were held
Circus
people who fought till death in the circus or arena
Gladiators
founded Christianity
Jesus
followers
Disciples
letters
Epistles
Someone who dies for a cause
Martyr
Rome’s emperor for A.D. 312-337, strongly encouraged the spread of Christianity
Constantine
foreign soldiers who serve for pay
Mercenaries
an economic situation in which more money circulates, but the money has less value
Inflation
Rome is located near the ________ River
Tiber
Rome empties into the __________ sea
Tyrannian
center of the western world
Mederteranian Sea
How did Rome feel about kings?
NO JUST NO
What does the republic stand for?
The people’s affair
Patricians
Upper Class
Plebeians
The common people
Where did the Carthaginian army train (when Hannibal was general)
Spain
How much larger was the roman than the Carthaginian army?
X 30
What was Hannibal’s CRAZY plan?
To go through the alps
Elephants wouldn’t cross _________ River so they built rafts and covered them with dirt (The Carthaginians)
Rhone
Who’s blood did elephants hate?
Horses
What did the Romans do to anger the elephants ?
Slit the horse throats
What was the Carthaginian vs. Roman war called?
Punic War
If the elephants rampaged what would riders do?
Split the elephants skull with spikes
What are some battle tactics Hannibal used?
- Kept sun and dust/dirt in enemies’ eyes
- Made men eat good breakfast before battle
- In cold weather rubbed olive oil on bodies to keep warm
What did Hannibal do when he was almost captured in Turkey?
Killed his wife/daughter
- Himself
Punic (Latin) =
Phoenician
Who won the first Punic War
Rome
Who was general in the first Punic war?
Hamilcar
About how long did each Punic war last?
(c.) 20 years
Who won the secound Punic war?
Rome
What did Rome do after they won the 3rd Punic War?
They salted carthage
True/False — after the Punic wars Rome chose not to conquer Carthage
False
How many years did Julius Caesar rule?
5
What month was named after Julius Caesar?
July
True /False – Julius Caesar loved the Republic
True
Who Offered free land to folks who would go to unsettled parts.
Julius Caesar
How did Julius Caesar die?
He was stabbed by many senate members at the same time.
On what day did Julius Caesar die?
March 15 (Ides of March)
Who was Octavian?
Caesers adopted son.
Who was the first Roman emperor?
Caesar Augustus
What does Augustus mean?
honored, honored one, or highly respected
Pax Romana =
Peace of Rome
True/False - The Pax Romana is a type of civil war
False - Pax Romana is forced peace
How many years did Pax Romana last?
200
Who built over 50,000 miles of roads
Caeser Augustus
What are some things Caesar Augustus built?
- 50,000 miles of roads
- New buildings
- Water systems
- large marble temples
- Government buildings
- Theaters
- Public baths
- Aqueducts
What two types of protection did Augustus give the empire.
- fire protection
- police protection
How many years did Caesar Augustus rule?
40 years
What two mouths where named after Caesar Augustus?
August and October
What was Caesar Augustus original name?
Octavian
How is Caesar Augustus related to Julius Caesar?
He is his adopted son.
Gladiators where usually ________________ or __________________.
Christians or slaves
Who where the two really bad emperors?
Caligula & Nero
Who was the best of the five good emperors?
Hadrian
What are some things Hadrian did?
- Organized army
- Protected women
- Worked hard
- Encouraged learning
Hadrian’s wall separated…….
Romans from barbarians
Who was the Last of the “good emperors”
Marcus Aurelius ( Hadrian’s son)
Who was the end of the “good emperors”
Commandos
True/False - Romans where polytheistic
True
Romans admired _________ achievements
Greek
___________ religion influenced the Romans
Greek
True/False - Romans developed their own art & architecture
True
What are some original thing Romans did in architecture?
- Made strong statues
- Built archs for larger structure
- Developed concrete
True/False - although most believe there were elevators in the Colosseum, this is not true.
False
What type of waterways where Romans famous for?
Aqueducts
Who was Martial?
A poet
Every 5 years Rome called a ___________.
Census
True/False - Women, girls, slaves didn’t count as citizens.
True
Many patricians have country estates called …….
Villas
great circus in Rome (chariot races)
Circus Maximus
Who was Aulus Vitellius?
A Roman historian
people who fought till death
Gladiators
Poor people’s (plebeians) houses - made out of _________
Wood
Seneca -
writer
Some Roman traditional values where
Family life
Dedication
Love
Who provided Family support in Rome?
The goverment
______________ - head of a Roman household
Paterfamilias
Most Paterfamilias where -
- Usually men
Dad, grandfather, great - grandfather
True/false - Paterfamilias could not sell kids into slavery
False
Name some things woman could be in Ancient Rome.
doctors Business women Worked with medicine Controlled their money Owned ships Hairdressers Cooks Shoemakers Dressmakers Dancers Singers Actors
What where the three Roman baths?
frigidarium- coldest
tepidarium- lukewarm
caldarium- very hot
Roman buildings before concrete were…
- Brick
- Marble
What are some Romance languages?
Latin ------- French, Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian, Italian
Who founded Christianity
Jesus
What religion was Jesus?
Jewish
The “Blessed Ares” are a nickname for the
Beatitudes
True/False - The Jews where monotheistic
True
Who was the governor when Jesus was born?
Herod
Gospel = good news
good news
What are the four gospels?
Mathew, Mark, Luke, and John
Early on Christians called
Followers of the Way
Hebrew word for Savior -
Messiah
Greek word for Savior -
Christos
Paul name was changed to
Sual
Where where followers of the way first called Christian?
Antioch
Super Disciples =
apostles
Little Christ =
Christians
How many years did the fire in Rome burn?
9 years
Who blamed the christians for the fire?
Nero
Ichthyosis
Christian fish symbol
What symbol was carved by doors if Christian?
Pizza Symbol
Who was Rome’s first Christian Emperor?
Constitine
Which Emperor might have potentially caused Rome to fall?
Commodus
Who was the father of Commodus?
Marcus Aurelius
True or False - After Commodus rulers where generals not politicians.
True
Foreign soldiers who serve for pay
mercianneries
True or False - Rome started to not pay mercenaries after Commodus but force them to fight.
False
True or False - Right Before the fall of Rome the size of the Empire was an advantage
False
an economic situation in which more money circulates but has less value.
Inflation
True or False - Inflation was one of the causes to the fall of Rome.
True
Whom was an emperor who tried to stop the downfall of the republic by building new forts, improving the tax system and enlarging the army?
Diocleatioan
What two emperors gave peace to persecuted religions?
Constitine and Licinius
True or False - Licinius had not kept up his agreement and started to persecute Christianity
True
Were did Constantine move Rome’s capital to
Byztantium
What did Constantine call the new capital?
New Rome
What was New Rome later changed to?
Constantinople
What was the final name for Constantinople and still is today?
Istanbul
Who was the last Roman Emperor?
Romulus Agustulus
