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Social Studies Exam > Ancient Egypt > Flashcards

Ancient Egypt Flashcards

1
Q

What did hieroglyphics help Egyptian scribes to do?

A

Keep Records of Taxes

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2
Q

What did Egyptian farmers use irrigation to do?

A

Water their crops

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3
Q

What happened to Napatan rule of Egypt?

A

The rulers were forced back to Nubia

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4
Q

Why was Nubia called the “land of the bow” by the Egyptians?

A

Nubian were skilled archers

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5
Q

The ankh is the Egyptian symbol for what?

A

Life

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6
Q

Who ordered the construction of the Great Pyramid?

A

Khufu

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7
Q

Who unified Egypt by overthrowing the king of Lower Egypt and became the first pharaoh?

A

Menes

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8
Q

Who organized a two-year expedition to Punt, expanding trade beyond the Egyptian empire?

A

Hatshepsut

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9
Q

Who ruled as a poor young pharaoh from about age 9 to 19?

A

Tutankhamun

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10
Q

Who was the builder of Abu Simbel; pharaoh of Moses?

A

Rameses II

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11
Q

How did the Nile River affect ancient Egyptian life?

A

By creating rich farmland in the river valley

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12
Q

In 5000 B.C. where did farming communities appear?

A

Egypt and Nubia

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13
Q

Who did Egyptian rulers rule with absolute power over?

A

All Egyptians

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14
Q

What happened to the government toward the end of the Old Kingdom?

A

Weak and divided

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15
Q

How did religion play an important in Egyptian life?

A

Explaining natural events to the people

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16
Q

How did the ancient Egyptians demonstrate their belief in the life after death?

A

They preserved the bodies of their dead

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17
Q

What social class in Ancient Egypt did most of the people belong to?

A

Peasants

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18
Q

Why did the Ancient Egyptian astronomers study the stars?

A

To predict the flooding of the Nile River

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19
Q

What happened when Nubians took control of trade routes by using iron weapons?

A

Meroë became rich

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20
Q

What did Egypt have because of its location on the Nile River?

A

Rich Farmland

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21
Q

What was the greatest achievement of the pharaoh Menes?

A

He United Upper and Lower Egypt

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22
Q

How did Egyptian rulers govern their empire?

A

They maintained absolute power over the people.

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23
Q

What was a very important religious practice in Ancient Egypt?

A

To prepare the dead for the afterlife

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24
Q

What did ancient Egyptians do to keep track of the kingdom’s growing wealth?

A

They used hieroglyphs.

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25
What was Nubia because of its location between Egypt and Central Africa?
A center of trade
26
How was society set up in Egypt?
- priests, nobles - merchants, craftsmen - many farmers, laborers - slaves, POW's
27
What were the symbols for writing called?
Hieroglyphs
28
On what did the Egyptian scribes eventually write?
Papyrus
29
When the picture writing was figured out, what was the key to that decoding?
Rosetta Stone
30
What was studied in science and medicine?
- cut stone for pyramids | - closely related to religion, medicine made out of herbs
31
Who finally broke the code of the picture writing?
Jean Francios Champollion
32
What was the new Egyptian writing called?
Demotic
33
What did the Egyptians call their kings?
Pharaohs
34
Why was Tutankhamen famous?
- tomb was best archeological find ever
35
Who was the first female "leader" of Egypt?
Hatshepsut
36
Why was Thutmose III so mad at his stepmother?
She wouldn't give hair the throne when he was old enough to rule.
37
Who finally conquered Egypt?
Alexander the Great
38
What was the most important belief of the ancient Egyptians?
The afterlife
39
What is preserving a dead body called?
Mummification
40
Why were the king's possessions placed in the tomb?
- possessions would travel with him to the afterlife
41
Why did they build the pyramids in the first place?
- pyramids would become the pharaoh's palaces in the afterlife
42
What was ancient Egypt?
The Nile and its flood plain
43
What was Egypts nickname?
The gift of the Nile
43
What are the two parts of the Nile?
- White Nile | - Blue Nile
44
How long is the Nile River?
4,000 miles
45
What is Lower Egypt also called?
Nile Delta
46
What does the inundation mean?
The flood
47
What is black land-dark soil?
Kemet
48
What was Egypt's first highway?
The Nile
49
What three things were Nubia known for?
- gold - archers - trade
50
What are time periods?
Kingdoms
51
What are the three kingdoms?
- Old Kingdom - Middle Kingdom - New Kingdom
52
What is special about the Old Kingdom?
- trade - peace - pyramids
53
What is special about the Middle Kingdom?
- building not battle | - bad leaders lost control
54
What is special about the New Kingdom?
- pharaohs took over | - Alexander the Great conquered
55
Who had absolute power?
Pharaohs
56
What kind of pharaoh was Hatshepsut?
Trading Pharaoh
57
How did Hatshepsut die?
Toothache
58
Were Egyptians polytheistic or monotheistic?
Polytheistic
59
What did Egyptians call a coffin?
Sarcophagus
60
What god was Osiris?
God of the living and the dead
61
What goddess was Isis?
Goddess of motherhood
62
What god was Horus?
Skygod
63
What was the relationship between Osiris, Isis, and Horus?
- Osiris - father - Isis - mother - Horus - son
64
What is the system of pictures and symbols that the Egyptians used to write?
Hieroglyphics
65
Why were hieroglyphs needed in Egypt?
Keep track of kingdom's growing wealth
66
What writing system was lost when demotic was formed?
Hieroglyphics
67
What is the Egyptian social pyramid?
- Pharaohs - Priests, Courts, Nobles - Merchants, Skilled Workers - Pheasants - POW's
68
What was key to breaking hieroglyphics?
Rosetta Stone
69
Between what two locations is Upper Egypt located?
Memphis - Aswan
70
Between what two locations is Lower Egypt located?
Memphis to Med
71
What did Egypt call Nubia?
The land of the bow
72
What three ores did Nubia collect?
- gold - copper - iron
73
What were the two powerful cities in Upper Nubia?
- Napata | - Meroë
74
What was the powerful city in Lower Nubia?
- Kerma
75
What was Kerma known for?
Artisans
76
What Egyptian pharaoh conquered Nubia?
Thutmose I
77
What happened when the Kushites rose to power?
- pushed down into Egypt - Thebes - Memphis - Taharka ruled - 25th dynasty
78
What happened when the Egyptians took back control of Egypt?
- Nubians were first forced to Nubia | - Nubians were second forced to Meroë
79
What was Meroë known for?
- iron weapons and tools - surplus food - rich from trade

Social Studies Exam (9 decks)

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