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Social Studies Exam > Ancient Egypt > Flashcards

Ancient Egypt Flashcards

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1
Q

What did hieroglyphics help Egyptian scribes to do?

A

Keep Records of Taxes

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2
Q

What did Egyptian farmers use irrigation to do?

A

Water their crops

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3
Q

What happened to Napatan rule of Egypt?

A

The rulers were forced back to Nubia

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4
Q

Why was Nubia called the “land of the bow” by the Egyptians?

A

Nubian were skilled archers

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5
Q

The ankh is the Egyptian symbol for what?

A

Life

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6
Q

Who ordered the construction of the Great Pyramid?

A

Khufu

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7
Q

Who unified Egypt by overthrowing the king of Lower Egypt and became the first pharaoh?

A

Menes

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8
Q

Who organized a two-year expedition to Punt, expanding trade beyond the Egyptian empire?

A

Hatshepsut

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9
Q

Who ruled as a poor young pharaoh from about age 9 to 19?

A

Tutankhamun

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10
Q

Who was the builder of Abu Simbel; pharaoh of Moses?

A

Rameses II

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11
Q

How did the Nile River affect ancient Egyptian life?

A

By creating rich farmland in the river valley

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12
Q

In 5000 B.C. where did farming communities appear?

A

Egypt and Nubia

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13
Q

Who did Egyptian rulers rule with absolute power over?

A

All Egyptians

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14
Q

What happened to the government toward the end of the Old Kingdom?

A

Weak and divided

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15
Q

How did religion play an important in Egyptian life?

A

Explaining natural events to the people

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16
Q

How did the ancient Egyptians demonstrate their belief in the life after death?

A

They preserved the bodies of their dead

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17
Q

What social class in Ancient Egypt did most of the people belong to?

A

Peasants

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18
Q

Why did the Ancient Egyptian astronomers study the stars?

A

To predict the flooding of the Nile River

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19
Q

What happened when Nubians took control of trade routes by using iron weapons?

A

Meroë became rich

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20
Q

What did Egypt have because of its location on the Nile River?

A

Rich Farmland

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21
Q

What was the greatest achievement of the pharaoh Menes?

A

He United Upper and Lower Egypt

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22
Q

How did Egyptian rulers govern their empire?

A

They maintained absolute power over the people.

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23
Q

What was a very important religious practice in Ancient Egypt?

A

To prepare the dead for the afterlife

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24
Q

What did ancient Egyptians do to keep track of the kingdom’s growing wealth?

A

They used hieroglyphs.

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25
Q

What was Nubia because of its location between Egypt and Central Africa?

A

A center of trade

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26
Q

How was society set up in Egypt?

A
  • priests, nobles
  • merchants, craftsmen
  • many farmers, laborers
  • slaves, POW’s
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27
Q

What were the symbols for writing called?

A

Hieroglyphs

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28
Q

On what did the Egyptian scribes eventually write?

A

Papyrus

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29
Q

When the picture writing was figured out, what was the key to that decoding?

A

Rosetta Stone

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30
Q

What was studied in science and medicine?

A
  • cut stone for pyramids

- closely related to religion, medicine made out of herbs

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31
Q

Who finally broke the code of the picture writing?

A

Jean Francios Champollion

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32
Q

What was the new Egyptian writing called?

A

Demotic

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33
Q

What did the Egyptians call their kings?

A

Pharaohs

34
Q

Why was Tutankhamen famous?

A
  • tomb was best archeological find ever
35
Q

Who was the first female “leader” of Egypt?

A

Hatshepsut

36
Q

Why was Thutmose III so mad at his stepmother?

A

She wouldn’t give hair the throne when he was old enough to rule.

37
Q

Who finally conquered Egypt?

A

Alexander the Great

38
Q

What was the most important belief of the ancient Egyptians?

A

The afterlife

39
Q

What is preserving a dead body called?

A

Mummification

40
Q

Why were the king’s possessions placed in the tomb?

A
  • possessions would travel with him to the afterlife
41
Q

Why did they build the pyramids in the first place?

A
  • pyramids would become the pharaoh’s palaces in the afterlife
42
Q

What was ancient Egypt?

A

The Nile and its flood plain

43
Q

What was Egypts nickname?

A

The gift of the Nile

43
Q

What are the two parts of the Nile?

A
  • White Nile

- Blue Nile

44
Q

How long is the Nile River?

A

4,000 miles

45
Q

What is Lower Egypt also called?

A

Nile Delta

46
Q

What does the inundation mean?

A

The flood

47
Q

What is black land-dark soil?

A

Kemet

48
Q

What was Egypt’s first highway?

A

The Nile

49
Q

What three things were Nubia known for?

A
  • gold
  • archers
  • trade
50
Q

What are time periods?

A

Kingdoms

51
Q

What are the three kingdoms?

A
  • Old Kingdom
  • Middle Kingdom
  • New Kingdom
52
Q

What is special about the Old Kingdom?

A
  • trade
  • peace
  • pyramids
53
Q

What is special about the Middle Kingdom?

A
  • building not battle

- bad leaders lost control

54
Q

What is special about the New Kingdom?

A
  • pharaohs took over

- Alexander the Great conquered

55
Q

Who had absolute power?

A

Pharaohs

56
Q

What kind of pharaoh was Hatshepsut?

A

Trading Pharaoh

57
Q

How did Hatshepsut die?

A

Toothache

58
Q

Were Egyptians polytheistic or monotheistic?

A

Polytheistic

59
Q

What did Egyptians call a coffin?

A

Sarcophagus

60
Q

What god was Osiris?

A

God of the living and the dead

61
Q

What goddess was Isis?

A

Goddess of motherhood

62
Q

What god was Horus?

A

Skygod

63
Q

What was the relationship between Osiris, Isis, and Horus?

A
  • Osiris - father
  • Isis - mother
  • Horus - son
64
Q

What is the system of pictures and symbols that the Egyptians used to write?

A

Hieroglyphics

65
Q

Why were hieroglyphs needed in Egypt?

A

Keep track of kingdom’s growing wealth

66
Q

What writing system was lost when demotic was formed?

A

Hieroglyphics

67
Q

What is the Egyptian social pyramid?

A
  • Pharaohs
  • Priests, Courts, Nobles
  • Merchants, Skilled Workers
  • Pheasants
  • POW’s
68
Q

What was key to breaking hieroglyphics?

A

Rosetta Stone

69
Q

Between what two locations is Upper Egypt located?

A

Memphis - Aswan

70
Q

Between what two locations is Lower Egypt located?

A

Memphis to Med

71
Q

What did Egypt call Nubia?

A

The land of the bow

72
Q

What three ores did Nubia collect?

A
  • gold
  • copper
  • iron
73
Q

What were the two powerful cities in Upper Nubia?

A
  • Napata

- Meroë

74
Q

What was the powerful city in Lower Nubia?

A
  • Kerma
75
Q

What was Kerma known for?

A

Artisans

76
Q

What Egyptian pharaoh conquered Nubia?

A

Thutmose I

77
Q

What happened when the Kushites rose to power?

A
  • pushed down into Egypt
  • Thebes - Memphis
  • Taharka ruled
  • 25th dynasty
78
Q

What happened when the Egyptians took back control of Egypt?

A
  • Nubians were first forced to Nubia

- Nubians were second forced to Meroë

79
Q

What was Meroë known for?

A
  • iron weapons and tools
  • surplus food
  • rich from trade

Social Studies Exam (9 decks)

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