Ancient Rome

Question 1

Traditional story of how Rome began. Twins abandoned and rescued by a wolf, raised by a shepherd . Grew to build Rome. Romulus later killed Remus.

Answer 1

Romulus and Remus

Question 2

Historiographic Debate over their exact beginnings and relationship to Rome. Laid the foundation for Rome and Roman civilization, brought urbanization as a lifestyle to the Romans. Definitely ruled Rome for a time.

Answer 2

Etruscans

Question 3

A small city that started on the Tiber River that eventually became a huge hub of the Roman Civilization

Answer 3

Rome

Question 4

A trade route that stretched from China to the Mediterranean Sea that was influential for Rome.

Answer 4

Silk Road

Question 5

A great social conflict that developed between patricians and plebeians; the plebeians wanted real political representation and safeguards against patrician domination.

Answer 5

Struggle of the Orders

Question 6

A collection of laws written on twelve bronze tables. The earliest written collection of Roman Laws, drawn up by patricians about 450 b.c. that became the foundation of Roman law.

Answer 6

Twelve Tables

Question 7

The period from 507 to 31 B.C.E., during which Rome was largely governed by the aristocratic Roman Senate.

Answer 7

Roman Republic

Question 8

The legend or story of why Rome became a Republic and swore off kings. Tale: The son of last king (Lucius Tarquinius Superbus) raped Lucretia, a married noble woman who killed herself after the rape. Lucretias father and her son lead Rome and rebel against kings. This set up the republic.

Answer 8

Rape of Lucretia

Question 9

A council whose members were the heads of wealthy, landowning families. The senate effectively governed the Roman state and the growing empire.

Answer 9

Roman Senate

Question 10

A series of three wars between Rome and Carthage (264-146 B.C.); resulted in the destruction of Carthage and Rome’s dominance over the western Mediterranean.

Answer 10

Punic Wars

Question 11

Carthaginian military commander who, in the Second Punic War, attempted a surprise attack on Rome, crossing the Alps with a large group of soldiers, horses, and elephants.

Answer 11

Hannibal

Question 12

Roman general who commanded the invasion of Carthage in the second Punic War and defeated Hannibal at Zama.

Answer 12

Scipio Africanus

Question 13

An officer of ancient Rome elected by the plebeians to protect their rights from arbitrary acts of the patrician magistrates.

Answer 13

Tribunes

Question 14

Brothers who tried to reform the Roman Empire by giving back Latifundias to the small farmers but were assassinated.

Answer 14

Gracchi Brothers

Question 15

Huge estates operated by slave labor that flourished in parts of the Roman Empire (singular latifundium).

Answer 15

Latifundia

Question 16

A model dictator for the Romans. He organized an army, led the Romans to victory, attended victory celebrations, and returned to his farmland all within 16 days.

Answer 16

Cincinnatus

Question 17

The Senate appointed a dictator in times of great danger for six months. As soon as danger was past, Roman dictators gave up their power (supposedly).

Answer 17

Roman Dictator

Question 18

A periodic and official count of a country’s population. - Started by the Romans.

Answer 18

Census

Question 19

A Roman private house.

Answer 19

Domus

Question 20

Roman apartment blocks constructed of concrete with wooden beam floors.

Answer 20

Insulae

Question 21

Bridge-like stone structures that carry water from the hills into Roman cities.

Answer 21

Aqueducts

Question 22

Great Sewer; it was built by the Etruscans to drain the site of the Roman Forum, used as a sewer by Rome.

Answer 22

Cloaca Maxima

Question 23

A circular temple at Rome with a fine Corinthian portico and a great domed roof.

Answer 23

Pantheon

Question 24

Concrete

Answer 24

Revolutionary Roman Building Material

Question 25

Public places where Romans could bathe and socialize together. The water was heated underneath the baths.

Answer 25

Roman Baths

Question 26

A large amphitheater built in Rome around ad 70; site of the contest and combats between people and animals.

Answer 26

Colosseum

Question 27

father of the family Head of household in Ancient Rome.

Answer 27

Paterfamilias

Question 28

mother of the family - married in their early teenage years; were in charge of maintaining the household.

Answer 28

Materfamilias

Question 29

In ancient Rome, a fundamental social relationship in which the patron?a wealthy and powerful individual?provided legal and economic protection and assistance to clients, men of lesser status and means, and in return the clients supported the political careers and economic interests of their patron.

Answer 29

Patron-Client Relationship

Question 30

In ancient Rome, a member of the privileged upper class who owned land.

Answer 30

Patrician

Question 31

An ordinary citizen in the ancient Roman republic.

Answer 31

Plebian

Question 32

Roman city near Naples, Italy, which was buried during an eruption of Mount Vesuvius in A.D. 79

Answer 32

Pompeii

Question 33

A Roman general who was elected consul seven times- he is known for the big changes he made to the Roman army, making it easier for men to be Roman soldiers.

Answer 33

Marius

Question 34

Powerful commander -- earned his men's loyalty; general who used his army for his political advantage -- started a civil war in Rome; killed his enemies; reduced power of tribunes, more power to patricians.

Answer 34

Sulla

Question 35

100-44 BC. Roman general who ended Roman Republic. Conquered Gaul with his powerful army. Made himself Roman dictator in 46 BC. Assassinated by Brutus and others in 44 BC because he was too powerful.

Answer 35

Julius Caesar

Question 36

A Roman gladiator who led the most serious slave revolt in Roman history from 73 to 71 B.C.E.).

Answer 36

Spartacus

Question 37

(63 BCE - 14 CE) First emperor of Rome (27 BCE - 14 CE) He restored order and prosperity to the Empire after nearly a century of turmoil. Grandnephew to Julius Caesar.

Answer 37

Augustus

Question 38

son-in-law of Augustus who became a suspicious tyrannical Emperor of Rome after a brilliant military career (42 BC to AD 37).

Answer 38

Tiberius

Question 39

Uncle of Caligula found hiding behind curtain in palace during assassination; senate disliked; he built a major new aqueduct & conquered England; was poisoned by his 4th wife.

Answer 39

Claudius

Question 40

Wife who poisoned Claudius after her son Nero was declared heir and who was then put to death by Nero.

Answer 40

Agrippina

Question 41

54- 68 CE Became emperor at 16 when mom killed his step- father Claudius; persecuted Christians and blamed them for the fire in 64 CE. Built a pleasure palace on the ruins. Killed his mother, eventually committed suicide.

Answer 41

Nero

Question 42

the Roman General who crushed the revolt in Jerusalem in 70 A.D. and destroyed Solomon's Temple. Builds the Colosseum.

Answer 42

Vespasian

Question 43

(78- 81 AD) completed colosseum [started by Augustus]. During his reign Mt. Vesuvius erupted, destroying Pompeii and Herucleum.

Answer 43

Titus

Question 44

is a term that refers to five consecutive emperors of the Roman Empire who represented a line of virtuous and just rule with the people in mind ?Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, and Marcus Aurelius. Their reigns lasted between 96 to 180 AD.

Answer 44

5 Good Emperors

Question 45

Ancient Roman Emperor who succeeded his father, Marcus Aurelius, and began the decline of the Roman Empire due to his eccentricity and odd ruling style.

Answer 45

Commodus

Question 46

Roman emperor who decreed capital punishment for anyone who could convert to a religion like Judaism or Christianity; generally mean but regained some strength of the empire.

Answer 46

Septimus Severus

Question 47

AD 211-217. The son of Septimius Severus, famous for the baths he build near Rome. Ruthless, he killed his own brother Geta, but he also granted citizenship to all free men within the empire.

Answer 47

Caracalla

Question 48

(245-313) Emperor of Rome who was responsible for dividing Rome into different provinces and districts. Eventually, the eastern portions of the Empire became known as the Byzantine Empire.

Answer 48

Diocletian

Question 49

(346? CE - 395 CE) Emperor of the Roman Empire who is responsible for making the Christian religion the official religion of the empire.

Answer 49

Theodosius

Question 50

(274 CE - 337 CE) Roman Emperor between 306 CE and 337 CE. He issued the Edict of Milan which outlawed the persecution of Christians. He also founded the city of Constantinople, the future capital of the Byzantine Empire.

Answer 50

Constantine

Question 51

A teacher and prophet whose life and teachings form the basis of Christianity. Christians believe Jesus to be Son of God and the Christ.

Answer 51

Jesus

Question 52

Most famous and influential apostles of Jesus who spread his teachings after his death.

Answer 52

Peter and Paul

Question 53

A monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior.

Answer 53

Christianity

Question 54

Discipline was fierce and there was rigorous training. It was meant to bring the men together. Focused on binding the men together and creating teamwork. Organization was very structured to maintain order and discipline.

Answer 54

Roman Military

Question 55

Roman historian whose history of Rome filled 142 volumes (of which only 35 survive) including the earliest history of the war with Hannibal (59 BC to AD 17).

Answer 55

Livy

Question 56

Classical Roman poet, author of Aenied.

Answer 56

Virgil

Question 57

Roman satirist who exaggerated to make his point.

Answer 57

Juvenal

Question 58

a confederation of Latin cities neighboring Rome; each member held equal rights in the coalition. Rome conquered them and broke up the Latin League.

Answer 58

Latin League

Question 59

(ancient Rome) a professional combatant or a captive who entertained the public by engaging in combat.

Answer 59

Gladiator

Question 60

A Roman historian who presented the facts accurately. He wrote about the good and the bad of imperial Rome in his Annals and Histories.

Answer 60

Tacitus

Question 61

The first attempt of the men by the names of Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey who try to save the replublic. Caesar gains this power.

Answer 61

1st Triumvirate

Question 62

Octavian, Marc Antony, Lepidus.

Answer 62

2nd Triumvirate

Question 63

She was the queen of Egypt known as a Ptolemaic ruler. She and Julius Caesar had an affair and they had a child together. Caesar and Cleopatra may have wanted to rule together but he was assassinated before they got the chance. Later she became married to Marc Antony which was supposed to be a peace maker between Rome and Egypt and Antony was still going to rule with Octavian. Octavian did not approve and attacked Egypt. Cleopatra and Marc Antony committed suicide.

Answer 63

Cleopatra

Question 64

A place previously known as Byzantium which became the capitol of the Roman Empire or "new Rome."

Answer 64

Constantinople

Question 65

A Germanic tribe who settled primarily in Spain; the first such group to lay siege to Rome

Answer 65

Visigoths

Question 66

A Germanic tribe that attacked Rome in 476 AD. The Leader was Odoacar, who kicked out the last Roman Emperor.

Answer 66

Ostrogoths

Question 67

Warlike people who migrated from Eastern Europe into territory controlled by Germanic tribes, forcing them to move into areas controlled by Rome.

Answer 67

Huns

Question 68

476 CE

Answer 68

Fall of Rome

Question 69

Moral decay, increasing use of vice, increasing disease, Christianity, poor government, divided empire, social unrest, gap between rich and poor, relationships for trade break down, barbarian invasions, etc.

Answer 69

Causes of Rome's Fall

Question 70

Could own property, didn't live secluded lives, could own slaves, by the end of the republic they had more rights.

Answer 70

Women in Rome

Question 71

Roman Emperor who succeeded Tiberius and whose uncontrolled passions and lifestyle resulted in manifest insanity and his assassination.

Answer 71

Caligula