Alexander and Hellenism Flashcards
King of Persia who went against Alexander at battle of Issus.
Darius III
son of Philip II; received military training in Macedonian army and was a student of Aristotle; conquered much land in Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt, and Mesopotamia; goal was to conquer the known world.
Alexander the Great
Became king of Macedonia; transformed the Macedonian army and invaded Greece. Alexander the Great’s father.
Philip II
great museum that contained over one half million papyrus scrolls- made up much of all Greek knowledge up to the point as well as knowledge from the corners of Alexander’s empire.
Library at Alexandria
is a philosophy of the Hellenistic Era which advises people to avoid desires, not go to extremes, support balance and equality in life.
Stocisim
A philosophy advanced by Epicurus that considered happiness as key. Believed in the value of passion and pleasure more than the value of logic.
Epicureanism
A philosophical system that emphasized simplicity of lifestyle and a desire to possess only what is obtained naturally and freely.
Cynicism
Blending of Egyptian, Persian and Greek culture; emphasis on philosophy and sciences.
Hellenism
(310?-250? BCE) Greek scientist who first stated that the Earth revolved around the Sun, and rotated on its axis.
Aristarchus
(circa 300 BCE), Greek mathematician. Considered to be the father of modern geometry.
Euclid
Alexandrian astronomer who proposed a geocentric system of astronomy that was undisputed until Copernicus (2nd century AD).
Ptolemy
Darius III fortified a riverbank behind Alexander and Alexander countered and won; heavy infantry and phalanx; gallantry towards Darius III’s wife and mother.
Battle of Issus
(323-31 B.C.) Greek derived style, found in Asia Minor, Mesopotamia, Egypt; more melodramatic than the Classical Style of art in Greece.
Hellenistic Art
Wife of Philip, mother of Alexander.
Olympias
Nike of Samothrace
Venus de Milo
