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World History > Ancient Middle East and Egypt/ Ancient India and China > Flashcards

Ancient Middle East and Egypt/ Ancient India and China Flashcards

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1
Q

Traditional Economy

A

Relies on habit, custom, or ritual and tends not to change over time

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2
Q

Civilization

A

the stage of human social development and organization that is considered most advanced

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3
Q

Polytheistic

A

The belief in many gods

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4
Q

Monotheistic

A

The belief in a single, all-powerful god

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5
Q

Empire

A

A group of states and territories conquered by one ruler

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6
Q

Cultural Diffusion

A

Ideas, customs, and technology spread between cultures.

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7
Q

Scribe

A

Supported the government and economy by keeping important records, such as harvests and taxes.

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8
Q

Sumer

A

Where the world’s first civilization arose around 3300 B.C.

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9
Q

Mesopotamia

A

An area between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers where the civilization of Sumer arose

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10
Q

Fertile Crescent

A

A region of the middle east where civilization first aroze

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11
Q

Hierarchy

A

A system of social ranking

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12
Q

Ziggurat

A

a large stepped platform thought to have been topped by a temple dedicated to a city’s chief god or goddess

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13
Q

Cuneiform

A

The earliest known form of writing, used a series of wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets

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14
Q

Sargon

A

ruler of Akkad, who conquered Sumer in about 2300 B.C. and built the first empire

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15
Q

Darius

A

Divided the empire of Babylon into provinces, each under a governor.

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16
Q

Zoroaster

A

Persian religious thinker; taught of a single wise god, Ahura

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17
Q

Hammurabi

A

King of Babylon in about 1790 B.C.; codified the laws in

his empire

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18
Q

Codify

A

To arrange or set down in writing

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19
Q

Civil Law

A

the branch of law that deals with private rights and matters such as business contracts, property, inheritance, and taxes

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20
Q

Criminal Law

A

the branch of law that deals with offenses against others,

such as robbery, assault, or murder

21
Q

Phoenician alphabet

A

Developed our modern day alphabet, based on 22 consoant sounds

22
Q

Pharoh

A

A ruler in ancient Egypt

23
Q

Bureaucracy

A

a complex system of rigorous procedures governing relationships in family, religion and politics

24
Q

Torah

A

Hebrews recorded events and laws into this, most sacred book

25
Q

Covenant

A

agreement

26
Q

Moses

A

returned Israelites from Egypt

27
Q

Solomon

A

made Jerusalem the capital of Israel, known for wisdom and understanding

28
Q

Prophet

A

Spiritual Leaders

29
Q

Diaspora

A

Spreading out of the Jewish people

30
Q

Monsoon

A

a seasonal prevailing wind in the region of South and Southeast Asia

31
Q

Veneration

A

worship

32
Q

Acculturation

A

a process in which members of one cultural group adopt the beliefs and behaviors of another group.

33
Q

Vedas

A

the most ancient Hindu scriptures

34
Q

Buddhism

A

a belief suffering is inherent in life and that one can be liberated from it by mental and moral self-purification.

35
Q

Hinduism

A

Oldest living religion in the world, rooted in India

36
Q

Gupta Empire

A

an ancient Indian empire that existed between 320 to 550 BC

37
Q

Chandragupta Maurya

A

the founder of the Maurya Empire and the first emperor to unify most of Greater India into one state.

38
Q

Brahman

A

An all powerful force that everything in the world is part of

39
Q

Mahabharata

A

an epic poem of India

40
Q

Moksha

A

Union with Brahman

41
Q

Karma

A

your good or bad deeds affect one’s future, and the future of those around one, for good or suffering.

42
Q

Dharma

A

the basic doctrine shared by all Buddhists

43
Q

Caste

A

each of the hereditary classes of Hindu society

44
Q

Four Noble truths

A

(1) existence is suffering; (2) desire, or thirst, is its cause; (3) the cessation of suffering is possible; and (4) the way to accomplish this is to follow the Eight fold Path.

45
Q

Nirvana

A

the state of perfect spiritual independence

46
Q

Asoka

A

an Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from 269 BC to 232 BC

47
Q

Feudalism

A

Several lords overseeing workers

48
Q

Shi Huangdi

A

Unified all of China and proclaimed himself “First Emperor” in 221 BC

49
Q

Philosophy

A

the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge

World History (4 decks)

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