Ancient Japan and China

Question 1

Ming Dynasty

Answer 1

a Chinese dynasty dated 1368–1644 and marked by restoration of earlier traditions and in the arts by perfection of established techniques.

Question 2

Qing dynasty

Answer 2

Qing dynasty-the last imperial dynasty of China (from 1644 to 1912) which was overthrown by revolutionaries; during the Qing dynasty China was ruled by the Manchu. Ch’ing, Ch’ing dynasty, Manchu dynasty, Qing, Manchu. dynasty-a sequence of powerful leaders in the same family.

Question 3

examination system

Answer 3

The concept of a state ruled by men of ability and virtue was an outgrowth of Confucian philosophy.

Question 4

Opium

Answer 4

a reddish-brown heavy-scented addictive drug prepared from the juice of the opium poppy, used as a narcotic and in medicine as an analgesic.

Question 5

taiping rebellion

Answer 5

Christianity his object was to found a new, dynasty The [taiping great].

Question 6

Beijing

Answer 6

the capital of China, in the northeastern part of the country; pop. 8,580,400 (est. 2006).

Question 7

treaty of nanjink

Answer 7

The Treaty of Nanking, formally called the Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Commerce between Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland and the Emperor of China, was signed on the 29 August 1842 to mark the end of the First Opium War (1839–42) between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Qing dynasty of China.

Question 8

taiwan

Answer 8

an island country off the southeastern coast of China; pop. 22,974,300 (est. 2009); capital, Taipei; language, Mandarin Chinese (official). Official name China, Republic of.Former name Formosa.

Question 9

empress

Answer 9

the wife or widow of an emperor.

Question 10

Ci Xi

Answer 10

empress Dowager Cixi, of the Manchu Yehenara clan, was a Chinese empress dowager and regent who effectively controlled the Chinese government in the late Qing dynasty for 47 years from 1861 until her death in 1908.

Question 11

self -strengthening movement

Answer 11

The Self-Strengthening Movement, c. 1861 – 1895, was a period of institutional reforms initiated in China during the late Qing dynasty following a series of military defeats and concessions to foreign powers.

Question 12

imperial city

Answer 12

was used from the fifteenth century to denote a self-ruling city that enjoyed a certain amount of autonomy and was represented in the Imperial Diet.

Question 13

porcelain

Answer 13

a white vitrified translucent ceramic; china.

Question 14

boxer rebellion

Answer 14

an unsuccessful rebellion in China in 1900, the objective of which was to drive out all foreigners, remove all foreign influence, and compel Chinese Christians to give up their religion

Question 15

tokugawa shogunate

Answer 15

The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the Tokugawa bakufu and the Edo bakufu was the last feudal Japanese military government which existed between 1603 and 1868.

Question 16

commodore matthew perry

Answer 16

Matthew Calbraith Perry was a Commodore of the United States Navy and commanded a number of ships.

Question 17

meiji restoration

Answer 17

The Meiji Restoration (Meiji Ishin) , also known as the Meiji Ishin, Renovation, Revolution, Reform, or Renewal, was a chain of events that restored practical imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji.

Question 18

consulate

Answer 18

the place or building in which a consul’s duties are carried out.

Question 19

eta

Answer 19

the seventh letter of the Greek alphabet

Question 20

edo

Answer 20

former name of Tokyo.

Question 21

the hermit kingdom

Answer 21

Hermit kingdom is a term applied to any country, organization or society which willfully walls itself off, either metaphorically or physically, from the rest of the world.

Question 22

isolation

Answer 22

an instance of isolating something, especially a compound or microorganism.

Question 23

dutch learning

Answer 23

Rangaku is a body of knowledge developed by Japan through its contacts with the Dutch enclave of Dejima, which allowed Japan to keep abreast of Western technology and medicine in the period when the country was closed to foreigners, 1641–1853, because of the Tokugawa shogunate’s policy of national isolation (sakoku).

Question 24

junks

Answer 24

discard or abandon unceremoniously

Question 25

queue

Answer 25

a line or sequence of people or vehicles awaiting their turn to be attended to or to proceed.

Question 26

hsuan-yeh

Answer 26

was the fourth emperor of the Qing dynasty,[1] the first to be born on Chinese soil south of the Shanhai Pass near Beijing, and the second Qing emperor to rule over that part of China, from 1661 to 1722.

Question 27

philology

Answer 27

the branch of knowledge that deals with the structure, historical development, and relationships of a language or languages.

Question 28

extraterritoriality

Answer 28

noun form of extraterritorial

Question 29

unequal treaties

Answer 29

An unequal treaty is any of a series of treaties signed with Western powers during the 19th and early 20th centuries by Qing dynasty China and late Tokugawa Japan after suffering military defeat by the foreign powers or when there was a threat of military action by those powers.

Question 30

yangtze valley

Answer 30

The Yangtze River, known in China as the Cháng Jiāng or the Yángzǐ Jiāng, is the longest river in Asia and the third-longest in the world.

Question 31

toyotomi hideyoshi

Answer 31

Toyotomi Hideyoshi was a preeminent daimyo, warrior, general, samurai, and politician of the Sengoku period who is regarded as Japan’s second “great unifier”.

Question 32

tokugama leyasi

Answer 32

Tokugawa Ieyasu was the founder and first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan; which effectively ruled Japan from the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868.

Question 33

treaty of kanagawe

Answer 33

On March 31, 1854, the Convention of Kanagawa or Kanagawa Treaty was the first treaty between the United States of America, and the Empire of Japan, then under the administration of the Tokugawa Shogunate.

Question 34

consulates

Answer 34

the place or building in which a consul’s duties are carried out.