Ancient Japan and China Flashcards

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1
Q

Ming Dynasty

A

a Chinese dynasty dated 1368–1644 and marked by restoration of earlier traditions and in the arts by perfection of established techniques.

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2
Q

Qing dynasty

A

Qing dynasty-the last imperial dynasty of China (from 1644 to 1912) which was overthrown by revolutionaries; during the Qing dynasty China was ruled by the Manchu. Ch’ing, Ch’ing dynasty, Manchu dynasty, Qing, Manchu. dynasty-a sequence of powerful leaders in the same family.

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3
Q

examination system

A

The concept of a state ruled by men of ability and virtue was an outgrowth of Confucian philosophy.

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4
Q

Opium

A

a reddish-brown heavy-scented addictive drug prepared from the juice of the opium poppy, used as a narcotic and in medicine as an analgesic.

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5
Q

taiping rebellion

A

Christianity his object was to found a new, dynasty The [taiping great].

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6
Q

Beijing

A

the capital of China, in the northeastern part of the country; pop. 8,580,400 (est. 2006).

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7
Q

treaty of nanjink

A

The Treaty of Nanking, formally called the Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Commerce between Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland and the Emperor of China, was signed on the 29 August 1842 to mark the end of the First Opium War (1839–42) between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Qing dynasty of China.

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8
Q

taiwan

A

an island country off the southeastern coast of China; pop. 22,974,300 (est. 2009); capital, Taipei; language, Mandarin Chinese (official). Official name China, Republic of.Former name Formosa.

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9
Q

empress

A

the wife or widow of an emperor.

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10
Q

Ci Xi

A

empress Dowager Cixi, of the Manchu Yehenara clan, was a Chinese empress dowager and regent who effectively controlled the Chinese government in the late Qing dynasty for 47 years from 1861 until her death in 1908.

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11
Q

self -strengthening movement

A

The Self-Strengthening Movement, c. 1861 – 1895, was a period of institutional reforms initiated in China during the late Qing dynasty following a series of military defeats and concessions to foreign powers.

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12
Q

imperial city

A

was used from the fifteenth century to denote a self-ruling city that enjoyed a certain amount of autonomy and was represented in the Imperial Diet.

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13
Q

porcelain

A

a white vitrified translucent ceramic; china.

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14
Q

boxer rebellion

A

an unsuccessful rebellion in China in 1900, the objective of which was to drive out all foreigners, remove all foreign influence, and compel Chinese Christians to give up their religion

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15
Q

tokugawa shogunate

A

The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the Tokugawa bakufu and the Edo bakufu was the last feudal Japanese military government which existed between 1603 and 1868.

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16
Q

commodore matthew perry

A

Matthew Calbraith Perry was a Commodore of the United States Navy and commanded a number of ships.

17
Q

meiji restoration

A

The Meiji Restoration (Meiji Ishin) , also known as the Meiji Ishin, Renovation, Revolution, Reform, or Renewal, was a chain of events that restored practical imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji.

18
Q

consulate

A

the place or building in which a consul’s duties are carried out.

19
Q

eta

A

the seventh letter of the Greek alphabet

20
Q

edo

A

former name of Tokyo.

21
Q

the hermit kingdom

A

Hermit kingdom is a term applied to any country, organization or society which willfully walls itself off, either metaphorically or physically, from the rest of the world.

22
Q

isolation

A

an instance of isolating something, especially a compound or microorganism.

23
Q

dutch learning

A

Rangaku is a body of knowledge developed by Japan through its contacts with the Dutch enclave of Dejima, which allowed Japan to keep abreast of Western technology and medicine in the period when the country was closed to foreigners, 1641–1853, because of the Tokugawa shogunate’s policy of national isolation (sakoku).

24
Q

junks

A

discard or abandon unceremoniously

25
Q

queue

A

a line or sequence of people or vehicles awaiting their turn to be attended to or to proceed.

26
Q

hsuan-yeh

A

was the fourth emperor of the Qing dynasty,[1] the first to be born on Chinese soil south of the Shanhai Pass near Beijing, and the second Qing emperor to rule over that part of China, from 1661 to 1722.

27
Q

philology

A

the branch of knowledge that deals with the structure, historical development, and relationships of a language or languages.

28
Q

extraterritoriality

A

noun form of extraterritorial

29
Q

unequal treaties

A

An unequal treaty is any of a series of treaties signed with Western powers during the 19th and early 20th centuries by Qing dynasty China and late Tokugawa Japan after suffering military defeat by the foreign powers or when there was a threat of military action by those powers.

30
Q

yangtze valley

A

The Yangtze River, known in China as the Cháng Jiāng or the Yángzǐ Jiāng, is the longest river in Asia and the third-longest in the world.

31
Q

toyotomi hideyoshi

A

Toyotomi Hideyoshi was a preeminent daimyo, warrior, general, samurai, and politician of the Sengoku period who is regarded as Japan’s second “great unifier”.

32
Q

tokugama leyasi

A

Tokugawa Ieyasu was the founder and first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan; which effectively ruled Japan from the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868.

33
Q

treaty of kanagawe

A

On March 31, 1854, the Convention of Kanagawa or Kanagawa Treaty was the first treaty between the United States of America, and the Empire of Japan, then under the administration of the Tokugawa Shogunate.

34
Q

consulates

A

the place or building in which a consul’s duties are carried out.