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DRAM200 > Ancient Greece > Flashcards

Ancient Greece Flashcards

1
Q

How did Pesistratus become tyrant

A
  • Huge military force
  • Use fear
  • Laws & rules of citizens
  • Divide land & use minions to oversee those lands

*Patriotism (Nationalism) - unifies large groups of people by sharing the same values, singing the same song
* Create a common culture to assimilate diverse groups

USING THEATRE & ART AS A TOOL

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2
Q

Commemorative Performance

A
  • Communal experience
  • Connect with Ancient Deities

Ancient Greece transition from ritual to performative theatre

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3
Q

Dionysus God of What?

A

Wine
Fertility
Fruit
Vegetation
Festivity
Theatre

EXTASIS (ecstasy) - Ritual madness

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4
Q

The BACCHAE Playwright

A
  • Dionysus arrives in Thebes
  • Thebes don’t believe in this god
  • Women start following Dionysus
  • Dionysus goes to king disguised saying he needs to leave because the women crazy
  • The king hides in tree to watch his mom and women go all festive with Dionysus in the forest
  • Dionysus tells everyone to look at the tree with king
  • Women tear the king limb from limb
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5
Q

What are festivals for?

A
  • Social cohesion
  • Pressure release theory, the opportunity to be silly
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6
Q

Lenaia Festival

A

January

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7
Q

Anthestria Festival

A

Jan/Feb

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8
Q

Rural Dionysia

A

December

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9
Q

City Dionysia History

A

Late March
- biggest festival
- seas easier to sale so more attendance
- Dionysus swear plague on male genetalia who don’t like him
- people like their penises so they change their minds and like him

COMPETITION

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10
Q

Tetralogy

&

Comedy

A

4 plays
- three tragedy
- one satyr

5 Comedies

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11
Q

Archon

A
  • Assigns three playwrights a Choregus (Sponcer who covers cost of everything in the show)

*Assigns Chorus (group of originally 50, of boys and men)

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12
Q

City Dionysia DAY ONE

A

Parade through Athens
BUILD THE HYPE

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13
Q

City Dionysia DAY TWO

A

Processions (religious ceremonies)
Sacrifices
Dithyramb competition (sing off between these 50 boys and men about Dionysus or wines)
* 10 tribes would compete in the sing off

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14
Q

City Dionysia DAY THREE

A

Comedies (from 486 BCE)

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15
Q

City Dionysia DAY FOUR, FIVE, SIX

A

Tetralogies
Three playrights sumbit 4 tragedy on one satyr play

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16
Q

City Dionysia DAY SEVEN

A

AWARDS
- Each of the ten tribes votes and only 5 are accounted to let “gods decide the vote”

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17
Q

ETYMOLOGY - Hypokrites

A

actors

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18
Q

ETYMOLOGY - Theatron

A

Seeing Place

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19
Q

ETYMOLOGY - Tragoidia (tragedy)

A

goat song
sacrificing animals + Dithyramb (singing competition)

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20
Q

ETYMOLOGY - Thespis (Actor named Thespe who stepped out of the chorus)

A

6th century “Stepping out”

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21
Q

GREEK DRAMA CHARACTERISTICS

A

RITUAL - ecstasis

COMPETITIVE - Honour & Glory

SUBSIDIZED - Choregoi

CHORAL - Dithyramb

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22
Q

Full Circle

A

Greek

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23
Q

Semi Circle

A

Roman

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24
Q

Periclean theoric fund

THEATRE IMPORTANCE

A
  • Theatre is so important that fund helpes anyone who wanted to go see theatre
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25
Q

Choral participation as national service

THEATRE IMPORTANCE

A
  • Theatre is so important because chorus unifies the people such as an army, walk, talk, speak at same time
26
Q

Violence in theatre = punishment

THEATRE IMPORTANCE

A
  • Theatre is so important you would be killed, thrown into pit, or hit with a bat
27
Q

Theatre seat thousands

THEATRE IMPORTANCE

A
  • Approx 2% of the population can attend every day
  • so big, similar to sports arenas
28
Q

Watching Plays all-day

THEATRE IMPORTANCE

A
  • civic responsibility
  • civic education
29
Q

Aeschylus 525c-455 BCE

A
  • frequent winner (13 time winner)
  • pioneered the second actor
  • Death by turtle shell from silly eagle

7 PLAYS
- The Orestria (Only trilogy)
- The Persians (earliest)

30
Q

Sophocles 497-406 BCE

A
  • pioneered third actor
  • gave actors more adverse roles
  • lived to 90

7 PLAYS
- Oedipus Rex, Antigone
- Inachus (but it’s in a mummified crocodile)

31
Q

Euripides 480-406 BCE

A
  • Loser
  • not popular
  • was made fun of

18 plays
- Medea
- Cyclops (only satyr play we have)

32
Q

32 tragedies is what percent of all the tragedies we should have

32 / 1152

A

2.7% of all tragedies

*NOTE: we should assume everything we know about Greek theatre to be the full picture

33
Q

Satyr play

A

Starred Half man half horse/goat charecters

  • All had very large, erect penises
  • party, drink, dance, sex,
34
Q

Pronomos Vase

A

WE THINK it is the most accurate depiction of Greek Theatre
- Ultimately could be artist’s depiction

  • Hercules in lion skin
  • Chorus all wearing the same masks
  • Satyr wore erect falloi = Greeks had low taste in comedy
35
Q

Old Comedy

A

happened earlier
- highly particular and responsive to whatever present time is
*made fun of politicians and prominents of Athens

Aristophanes (11 total)
The birds, the frogs

36
Q

New Comedy

A

Democracy ends 322 BCE
- less acceptable to crticize rulers
- Rome invades Greece 146 BCE

Stock characters & Stereotypes
- domestic settings

37
Q

Acropolis

A
  • City Centre of Athens
38
Q

Athens population

A

20 - 30 thousand

39
Q

The Parthenon has what statue insinde?
What was modelled after the Parthenon?

A
  • statue of Athene
  • banks
40
Q

Ancient Agora in the West

Agoraphobia

A

Marketplace
- important place for people to gather

41
Q

Hephestium

A

Temple devoted to god hephaestus

42
Q

Temple of Olympian Zeus

A
43
Q

South slope: Acropolis

A

This is where you find Theatre

44
Q

Odeum of Herodes Atticus

A

Rich guy built Roman a Theatre (Semi circle)

45
Q

Admission to Theatre of Dionysus

A

old grey coin looking thing

46
Q

Theatre of Dionysus

A

Was renovated by the Romans several times.
- This is why semi circle :(

Open Air theatre in Athens
Seats 15 - 17 thousand people
Earliest components date to the 6th century BCE
Many subsequence remodellings
Present state dates mostly from 390 - 325BCE

47
Q

Precinct of Dionysus

A

Performance at conception was an act of religion
- Appraising Dionysus

48
Q

EPICS (literary genre)

A
  • performed for many years before being written down
  • sung
49
Q

Dionysus as god of ecstatic transformation

A
  • through wine
  • through performance
  • Dionysus replaced Hestia as one of the TWELVE (Stronger represents the values of Athens at the time)
50
Q

What backdrops Theatre of Dionysus

A

The city of Athens
- provoked audience see and think of city during story telling

51
Q

Theatron

A

the seating (viewing place/ contemplating place)

52
Q

Parodoi/ Parados

A

Chorus and actors enter stage from the Parados on left and right
- one side could represent coming from city
- the other could represent coming from country

53
Q

Orchestra

A

Performing area
- playing space
- Greek = perfectly round

54
Q

Skene

A

hut or tent
- set for a backdrop

(Symbolises palace during play)

55
Q

Odeon of Pericles

A
56
Q

Hellenistic world (2nd Century BCE) to 1st Century AD (Roman) changes

A
  • Romans added tiles
  • Roman added infrastruture changes and ston built structure for backdrop
57
Q

Where to go to see what a Greek Theatre looks like?

A

Epidaurus
- steep seating

58
Q

Greek theatre aspects

A
  • natural hills
  • full circle orchestra
  • No significant backdrop
59
Q

Greek Costume

A

MASKS - cover full head with fake hair
No longer exist (organic material decomposes)
Change characters frequently
- also used because limited amount of actors allowed to us

KATHORNOI SHOES: platform shoes
- often used for actors playing royalty

60
Q
A

DRAM200 (10 decks)

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