Ancient Greece Flashcards
Greece is surrounded by which three bodies of water?
Ionian Sea
Aegean Sea
Mediterranean Sea
How did Greece’s physical geography cause the city-states to be independent of each other?
Greece had mountains that blocked them out of other countries, cities, ad states. It got really hard to communicate with other people.
Why was farming very difficult in Greece? (Hint: soil)
The mountains covered up 80% of Greece and there wasn’t much space left for farming.
Why do you think the ancient Greeks became excellent shipbuilders and fishermen?
Because they were always next to the water so they were sailing
City-state (“polis” in Greek):
A city in ancient Greece that had its own government, laws, and way of life; some became very powerful
Cause and Effects:
There was little farmland.
Mountains or seas?
Mountains
Cause and Effects:
A source of food was provided.
Mountains or seas?
Seas
Cause and Effects:
Villages and towns were separated from each other.
Mountains or seas?
Mountains
Cause and Effects:
Greeks were able to trade with other civilizations.
Mountains or seas?
Seas
Cause and Effects:
Travel was difficult.
Mountains or seas?
Mountains
Cause and Effects:
Transportation was made easier.
Mountains or seas?
Seas
Cause and Effects:
There was little contact between towns and villages.
Mountains or seas?
Mountains
Cause and Effects:
The Greeks were able to exchange ideas with other cultures.
Mountains or seas?
Seas
Greece is surrounded by which 3 bodies of water?
Ionian Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Aegean Sea
How did Greece’s physical geography help contribute to the establishment of city-states?
The mountains made unification difficult: city-states formed separately.
Why was farming difficult?
The soil was too rocky to grow crops well.
What city-state was located on Peloponnesus (Peloponnese)?
Sparta
What city-state was located in Attica?
Athens
What ancient civilization lived on Crete?
Minoans
What civilization is considered the first advanced civilization on the Greek mainland?
Myceneans
What ancient civilization went to war with Troy?
Mycenaeans
Who lived on Mt. Olympus?
twelve gods and goddesses
Where did the city-states hold their Olympic Games?
Olympia
Democracy
A system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives
Oligarchy
A small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution.
Monarchy
A form of government with a king/queen at the head.
Agora
A public open space used for assemblies and markets.
Trireme Ship
The legendary warships that were designed by the Athenians
Athens had:
Sparta had:
Athens:
Had slaves
Daughters had to marry early
Boys went to school but not girls.
Early Democracy
Taught girls how to run the home
Sparta:
Spartans were cruel
Killed babies if we’re not tough
Had a good army
They didn’t have walls
Elements of every monarchy.
What are ways the Athens and Spartans were similar and different?
Both worshipped Athena (goddess)
One was good one was bad
One had slaves other didn’t
Democracy is a type of government that is known as rule by p________. The people have the ability to vote for their leaders.
Democracy is a type of government that is known as rule by people. The people have the ability to vote for their leaders.
The Greek word for city-state is ______
The Greek word for city-state is polis
A monarchy is a type of g__________ that is ruled by a queen or a k____.
A monarchy is a type of government that is ruled by a queen or a king.
An oligarchy is a type of government that is ruled by a small group of elite, wealthy m__.
An oligarchy is a type of government that is ruled by a small group of elite, wealthy men.
Greek myths were stories that were created to help explain how the w______ works. The stories helped explain why natural (thunderstorms, flooding, etc.) and historical vents (wars, etc.) happened.
Greek myths were stories that were created to help explain how the world works. The stories helped explain why natural (thunderstorms, flooding, etc.) and historical events (wars, etc.) happened.
What is known as an outdoor marketplace in Ancient Greece?
Agora
What is a peninsula?
A piece of land surrounded by 3 sides of water.
The Minoans lived on the island known as c____. The Minoans were great shipbuilders and traveled on the waterways to help increase t_____.
The Minoans lived on the island known as crete. The Minoans were great ship builders and traveled on the waterways to help increase trade.
The Mycenaeans lived on the mainland of G____. They went to battle with the city of T____.
The Mycenaeans lived on the mainland of Greece. They went to battle with the city of Troy.
The Spartans were known for the m_____ power. The boys and men lived in an a______ while training for the military. The Spartan boys went into the military at the young age of ___.
The Spartans were known for their military power. The boys and men lived in an agogy while training for the military. The Spartan boys went into the military at the young age of 7.
Athens was one of the largest city-states in ancient Greece and was not as focused on m_____ power like Sparta. Athens was more focused on philosophy, education, and theater. Athenians created the first d_______ that was a type of government known for the rule by the p_______.
Athens was one of the largest city-states in ancient Greece and was not as focused on monarchy power like Sparta. Athens was more focused on philosophy, education, and theater. Athenians created the first democracy that was a type of government known for the rule by the people.
Greece is a p______ which is a landform that is surrounded by water on three sides or all but one side. The three bodies of water surrounded ancient Greece included: Mediterranean Sa, I__________ Sea, and A______ Sea.
Greece is a p______ which is a landform that is surrounded by water on three sides or all but one side. The three bodies of water surrounded ancient Greece included: Mediterranean Sa, Ionian Sea, and Aegean Sea.
The rugged landforms that are natural, protective barriers are called m_________ and it made travel difficult for the Greeks so there was little contact between city-sates. The mountainous land made it difficult for Greeks to f_____ and grow their own food supply because the land was very dry and rocky.
The rugged landforms that are natural, protective barriers are called mountains and it made travel difficult for the Greeks so there was little contact between city-sates. The mountainous land made it difficult for Greeks to farm and grow their own food supply because the land was very dry and rocky.
Greek Gods and Goddesses were at the center of Greek mythology. The people of ancient Greece believed in many gods and goddesses which is known as p_______. the 12 main Greek Gods lived on top of Mount O________.
Greek Gods and Goddesses were at the center of Greek mythology. The people of ancient Greece believed in many gods and goddesses which is known as polytheism. The 12 main Greek Gods lived on top of Mount Olympus.
Zeus was the king of the G____.
Zeus was the king of the Gods.
Poseidon was the god of the s__.
Poseidon was the god of the sun.
Hades was the God of the U___________.
Hades was the God of the Underworld.
Athena was the goddess of j_______, l________, w______.
Athena was the goddess of justice, learning, and wisdom.
Hermes was the m________ god.
Hermes was the messenger god.
Aphrodite was the goddess of _____.
Aphrodite was the goddess of love.
In the Greek myth about the great warrior Achilles, he was killed by poisonous a_____.
In the Greek myth about the great warrior Achilles, he was killed by a poisonous arrow.
The Olympics started in Ancient Greece in 776 BCE in Olympia. In ancient Greece, a wreath of olive branches was placed on the winner’s h____. This was called a l_______ wreath. The first Olympic Games were dedicated to the god Z______.
The Olympics started in Ancient Greece in 776 BCE in Olympia. In ancient Greece, a wreath of olive branches was placed on the winner’s head. This was called a laurel wreath. The first Olympic Games were dedicated to the god Zeus.
In modern-day Olympics, the winners earn medals that are gold for first place, silver for second place, and b______ for third place. One main reason that the Olympics are important is to unite nations and promote f_____________/f___________/f___________.
In modern-day Olympics, the winners earn medals that are gold for first place, silver for second place, and bronze for third place. One main reason that the Olympics are important is to unite nations and promote friendship/fitness/freedom.
According to legend, the Trojan War was fought in Troy thousands of years ago. The Trojan War began as a way to rescue Queen H______. The ancient G_____ attacked the city of T_____ and became victorious after they conquered Troy.
According to legend, the Trojan War was fought in Troy thousands of years ago. The Trojan War began as a way to rescue Queen Helen. The ancient Greeks attacked the city of Troy and became victorious after they conquered Troy.
What creative idea did the Greeks come up with to get into and attack the city of Troy?
Hint: What did the Greeks build to give the city of Troy as a “gift”?
The Greeks built a really big wooden horse. The armed Greek soldiers hid inside.
The quote “Beware Greeks bearing gifts” means that you should not t_____ your enemies.
The quote “Beware Greeks bearing gifts” means that you should not trust your enemies.
What is an ancient Greek city-state?
A city with its surrounding villages and farmland
Why were city-states so independent?
Greece’s geography isolated them.
What was NOT an ancient Greek city-state?
Ionian Sea
What city-state had the earliest form of democracy?
Athens
What is the geography of Greece like?
Mountainous and rocky
What is Greek mythology?
Ancient stories about gods and heroes that try to explain how the world works.
What is an oligarchy?
The power is in the hands of a few nobles
What is a democracy?
People vote for their representatives
What is a monarchy?
The power was inherited from the father/king
Who were the earliest cultures in ancient Greece?
Minoans & Mycenaens
Why was the sea so important to the ancient Greeks?
It provided food, transportation, and helped encourage trade.
What was Sparta known for?
Focused more on military training
Which Greek god was known as the “king of the gods”?
Zeus
Who was one of the most powerful military commanders of all time?
Alexander The Great
What was Athens best known for?
Birthplace of democracy
What is the Greek word for city-state?
Polis
Why was the Trojan War fought?
To return Helen back to Sparta
Where did the 12 Olympian gods live?
Mt. Olympus
What was the outdoor marketplace called where debates took place?
Agora
What is a democracy?
Government runned by the people
(gov’t by the people)
Which god/goddess was Athens named after?
Athena
A _______ was a person who had the right to participate in government.
Citizen
Which event was held in ancient Greece to honor Zeus?
The Olympics
Who liked Greek culture so much that they spread it throughout the Mediterranean, Middle East, and India?
Alexander The Great
What is NOT an ancient Greek achievement?
A. Art and architecture
B. Medicine and enginerering
C. Creating works of drama and history
D. The teachings of Buddha
D. The teachings of Budhha
True or False?
Alexander was Greek
False
Alexander had many teachers, one of which was __________.
Aristotle
Alexander became king of ________.
Macedonia
When Alexander was king he wanted to teach everyone about ____________.
Greek culture
Alexander was a great commander who never lost a single _______.
Battle
By the time Alexander was ___ years old, he had conquered all of the ______________ region.
By the time Alexander was 32 years old, he had conquered all of the Mediterranean region.
Explain why the Greek culture might not have survived if it had not been for Alexander the Great.
If it had not been for Alexander the Great, Greek culture would not have survived because it was not popular at the time, and not many people knew about it, so Alexander the Great told them about it.
Alexander was only ____ years old when he _____ Some say he was p_________. It is just as likely that this great general was d_________ by a m________ because others believe he died of m_______.
Alexander was only 33 years old when he died. Some say he was poisoned. It is just as likely that this great general was defeated by a mosquito because others believe he died of malaria.
Democracy
A system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives
Oligarchy
A small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution.
Monarchy
A form of government with a king/queen at the head
Agora
A public open space used for assemblies and markets.
Trireme Ship
The legendary warships that were designed by the Athenians
Athens Facts:
Had slaves
Daughters had to marry early
Boys went to school but not girls.
Early Democracy
Taught girls how to run the home
Sparta Facts:
Spartans were cruel
Killed babies if we’re not tough
Had a good army
They didn’t have walls
Elements of every monarchy.
What are some ways in which life in Sparta and Athen were similar and different?
Both worshipped Athena (goddess)
One was a good one was bad
One had slaves other didn’t
