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Endo - ABGD - Oral Board Review > Anatomy...Acess...Canal Prep > Flashcards

Anatomy...Acess...Canal Prep Flashcards

1
Q

What should you think of when you think Anatomy?

A
  • Think 3-D!
  • Expectations
  • Variations
  • Coronal, chamer, canal, apical
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2
Q

What does the Law of Centrality state?

A

Pulpal floor always located in center of tooth at level of CEJ

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3
Q

What does the law of the CEJ state?

A

The CEJ is the most consistent, repeatable landmark for locating the position of pulp chamber

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4
Q

What does the law of Concentricity State?

A

The walls of the pulp chamber are always concentric to external surface of the tooth at level of the CEJ

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5
Q

What does the first law of symmetry state?

A

Except for max molars, orifices are equidistant from a line draw in a MD direction through the pulpal floor

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6
Q

What does the second law of symmetry state?

A

Except for max molars; Orifices lie on a line perpendicular to a line drawn in MD direction across center of pulpal floor

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7
Q

What is the Law of color change?

A

The color of the pulp chamber floor is always darker than walls

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8
Q

What are the 3 laws of Orifice Location?

A
  1. The orifices are always located at junction of walls and floor
  2. The orifices are located at angles of floor-wall junction
  3. The orifices are located at terminus of root developmental fusion lines
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9
Q

Describe the 4 Weine Classifications…

A
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10
Q

How many canals does a Maxillary Anterio typically have?

A
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11
Q

How many canals does a Mandibular Anterior Tooth typically have?

A
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12
Q

What % do Mandibular Canines have 2 canals?

A

22%

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13
Q

How many canals does a Maxillary Premolar typically have?

A
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14
Q

Which pre-molar is the 50/50 tooth?

A

Max 2nd Premolar

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15
Q

How many canals does a Mandiblar Premolar typically have?

A
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16
Q

Which pre-molar has a 97% chance of having 1 canal?

A

Mandibular 2nd Premolar

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17
Q

How many canals does a Maxillary 1st Molar typically have?

A
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18
Q

What is the % chance there will be MB2 in Max 1st Vs Max 2nd Molars?

A
  • 1st Molar: 1 canal 20%, 2 canals 77%, 3 canals 3%
  • 2nd Molar: 1 canal 63%, 2 canals, 37%
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19
Q

How many canals does a Mandiblar Molar have typically?

A
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20
Q

Which tooth is likely to have a “C” shaped canal?

A

Mandibular 2nd Molar, 3%

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21
Q

Describe Straight-Line Access…

A
  • Improves vision
  • Reduces curvature
  • Facilitates instrumentation & Obturation
  • Immproves instrument control

Fewer misadventures

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22
Q

Why might it be wise to access without a RD?

A
  • Ensure correct toth
  • Visulize long axis - facilitate correct approach
23
Q

How do you arrive at an appropriate working length?

A
  • Estimate
  • Radiogaph (0.5 - 1.0 mm)
  • Tactile sense
  • Electronic Apex Locator
  • Paper Point
  • Patient Sensation
24
Q

What is the average surface to constriction?

What is the aerage deviation major to apex?

A
  • Avg to constriction 0.75
  • Avg deviation major to apex 0.59
25
Q

Describe this picture…

A

Major foramen is larger than minor formaen at constriction - looking from the external root surface apex

26
Q

Describe how a Root ZX works?

A
  • “Ratio method”
  • Simultaneously measures impedance of two different frequencies, calculates the quotient of the impedances, and expresses this quotient as a position of the file inside the root canal
  • No calibration required
  • Small files and large files yield similar readings
  • Rootz ZX identifies narrowest canal diameter even wen an anatomic apical constriciton did not exist of was destoryed by instrumentation
27
Q

What are the objectives of Cleaning & Shaping?

A
  • Total removal of content of pulp space (tissue, debris, bacteria, byproducts)
  • Develop straight line access to apical region
  • Maintain central axis of canal
  • Keep apical constriction small and in original position
  • Continuously tapering, smooth, funnel-shaped preparation
28
Q

What type of hand file is this?

A
  • Flex R
  • K-Reamer (large)
  • K-File (large)
29
Q

What type of hand file is this?

A
  • K-Flex (small)
  • K-Reamer (small)
  • K-File (small)
30
Q

What type of Hand File is this?

A
  • K-Flex (large)
31
Q

What type of hand file is this?

A

Hedstrom

32
Q

What type of hand file is this?

A
  • Unifile
  • S-File
33
Q

What is the Material/Cross-Section/Tip Design of K-File?

Hand File…

A
  • Material: SS
  • Cross - Section: Triangular/Square
  • Tip Design: Cut
34
Q

What is the Material/Cross-Section/Tipe design of the hand file K flex?

A
  • Material: SS
  • Cross - Section: Rhomboid
  • Tip Design: Cut
35
Q

What is the Material/Cross-Section/Tip Desing of Hand File Flex-R?

A
  • Material: SS
  • Cross-Section: Triangular
  • Tip Design: Safe
36
Q

What is the Material/Cross-Section/Tip Design for Sureflex Hand Files?

A
  • Material: NiTi
  • Cross Section: Square
  • Tip Design: Safe
37
Q

Describe the Increase in Diamter in this .02 tapered file?

A

0.32 mm Increase in Diameter from DO to D16

38
Q

Describe the Increase Diameter in the .04 tapered file below…

A

0.64 mm Increase in Diamter from DO to D16

39
Q

What is Rake Angle?

A
40
Q

What are the 2 types of Rake Angles?

A
  • Negative Rake
  • Positive Rake
41
Q

What is the difference between a Scapre and Cut Rake Angle?

A

In the middle of these is planning with the blade faced down…

42
Q

Describe the Rake on this K3 Niti File that you use…

A
  • K3: Assymetric flutes separated by lands.
  • Positive rake angle
  • More resistant to fracture
43
Q

What are some Advantages of a NiTi Rotary Instrumentation System?

A
  • Speed
  • Less fatigue
  • Costly
  • Learning Curve
  • Design pulls debris out
  • Flexible
  • Less transportation
  • Fracture resistant
44
Q

What are 2 instruments for shaping orifices?

A
  • Gates Glidden: Drills Sizes 1-6
  • Peeso Reamers: Sizes 1-6
45
Q

Why use Chemical Disinfection if you are instrumenting the canal system?

A
  • All aspects of a canal system cannot be reached by files
  • Need some method to further clean these spaces
46
Q

Describe 8% (Full Strength) NaOCl…

A
  • Gold Standard
  • Dissolves necrotic tissue
  • Removes the organic portion of smear layer
  • Germicide
  • Detoxifies Endotoxins
  • Lubricant
  • Bleaching Agent
  • Deordorizer

*Dilution reduces all beneficial effects!

47
Q

What will 2% Chlorhexidine Gluconate not do?

A

Dissolve Tisue!

* Alternative endodontic irrigant for sodium hypochlorite allergic patients

48
Q

What is the % associated with EDTA?

A

17%

49
Q

Describe some attributes of 17% EDTA…

A
  • Chelating agent
  • Lubricant
  • Help remove inorganic portion of smear layer
  • Ethylenediaminetetracetic Acid
50
Q

What is this?

A

Smear Layer

51
Q
A
52
Q

What type of needle is ideal for delivering Intracanal Irrigation?

A
53
Q

What are some characteristics of Calcium Hydroxide?

A
  • High pH…Alters Environment
  • Antimicrobial
  • Dissolves tissue
  • Favors calcification (alkaline phosphatase formation)
  • Favros osteogenesis
  • Causes limited tissue necrosis…elicits healing response
  • Helps dry “weeping” canals
  • Halts or slow resorptive processes
  • Effective for 1 week
54
Q

Describe how Alkaline Phosphatase leads to dentin bridge formation?

A

Endo - ABGD - Oral Board Review (14 decks)

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